NUR-631 Final Exam Study Questions With Solutions 2023 Graded A+

NUR-631 Final Exam Study Questions With Solutions 2023 Graded A+. fibers arise from nasal olfactory epithelium and form synapses with olfactory bulbs that transmit impulses to temporal lobe Hypoglossal nerve - ANSWER *XII* -stick out tongue -motor fibers to muscles of tongue and sensory impulse from tongue to brain -fibers arise from medulla and exit from skull and extend to tongue trigeminal nerve - ANSWER *V* -sensations of pain, touch, temperature, corneal reflex, clench teeth, open mouth, chew -motor and sensory. sensory from mouth, nose, eye surface, dura mater. motor stimulates chewing Meconium ileus and cystic fibrosis - ANSWER -results from abnormal mucus production in the intestine and/or impaired pancreatic enzymes -20% of infants with CF hormones responsible for ovulation - ANSWER Luteinizing Hormone Human Papillomavirus (HPV) - ANSWER STI -increases risk of cervical cancer -6 and 11= nononcogenic/genital warts -16 and 18=oncogenic-anogenital cancers/oropharyngeal cancers Hydrocele - ANSWER -collection of fluid within the tunica vaginalis -common cause of scrotal swelling Spermatocele - ANSWER -benign cystic collections of fluid of the epididymis located between the head of the epididymis and the testis -milky fluid containing sperm varicocele - ANSWER -abnormal dilation of the veins of the spermatic cord -bag of worms testicular torsion - ANSWER -rotation of a testis, twisting blood vessels in spermatic cord -causes acute scrotum=testicular pain and swelling Syphilis - ANSWER *Treponema pallidum* -transmission usually occurs in first years of infection -transmitted through exudate from lesions during small abrasions during sex -three stages -congenital syphilis is spread in utero, usually results in neonatal death, can be prevented with penicillin. *stage 1* at the site of invasion *stage 2* spreads systemically to major organ systems, spontaneous resolution of lesions Secondary Syphilis lesions - ANSWER -Condylomata lata- highly contagious, develop on perineum, vulva, groin on women and inner thigh and anal area on both sexes -hypertrophied, flat, moist, wart-like or vegetative (cauliflower) ADH and function in kidney - ANSWER -controls final concentration of urine -increases water permeability in the last segment of the distal tubule and along entire length of collecting ducts -secreted from posterior pituitary or neurohypophysis megacolon - ANSWER *Hirschsprung disease* -functional obstruction of the colon -common in Downs and other congenital diseases -failure of neural crest cells to migrate into GI tract. -neural malformation of PNS -delayed passage of mec -poor feeding, poor weight gain, distended abdomen RDS causes in infants - ANSWER -surfactant deficiency -prematurity -it is atelactasis -decreases between 30 and 36 weeks gestation most reported side effect of cancer treatment other symptoms - ANSWER *fatigue* -anemia, bone density loss, cachexia, GI stuff (oral ulcers, malabsorption, diarrhea, infection risk), hair loss, skin breakdown/dryness, infection, infertility, leukopenia, thrombocytopenia, lymphedema, pain shock symptoms in newborns - ANSWER -jitteriness/lethargy -decreased tone -apnea -change in O2 requirements -*bradycardia* or decreased -variability in HR -*hypothermia/unstable temp* -*hypoglycemia/unstable blood* -glucose -feeding intolerance liquefactive necrosis - ANSWER -ischemic injury to neurons and glial cells of the brain -can also be bacterial infection glossopharyngeal nerve - ANSWER IX -swallow/gag -motor fibers- salivary/pharync -sensory-carry impulse from pharynx, posterior tongue and pressure receptors of carotid artery -fibers emerge from midbrain and leave skill, extend to pharynx, salivary glands, tongue Vagus Nerve - ANSWER x -Throat muscles -fibers carry sensory and motor impulses for pharynx; PNS motor fibers, supply smooth muscles of abdominal organs, receive sensory impulses from viscera -fibers emerge from medulla, pass through skull, and descend through neck region into thorax and abdominal region vestibulocochlear nerve - ANSWER VIII -hearing and balance -sensory only- vestibular branch transmits impulses for sense of equilibrium, cochlear branch transmits impulses for sense of hearing -fibers run from inner ear to enter brainstem just below pons. cranial nerve III - ANSWER oculomotor pupils examined for size, shape, equality, pupillary reflex with pen light -fibers emerge from midbrain and exit from skull and extend to the eye Cranial Nerve 3 eye manifestations with herniation - ANSWER dilation of ipsilateral pupil Cancer associated with BRCA1 and BRCA2 - ANSWER Breast Ovarian Reed- Sterberg Cells - ANSWER Hodgkins Lymphoma -B cells -large, binucleate intussusception - ANSWER -*telescoping* of proximal part of intestines into distal part, causing obstruction, collapses through ileocecal valve -lead points (tumors diverticuli). CF, abdominal surgery -colicky abdominal pain, irritability, knees drawn to chest, abdominal mass, vomiting, *currant jelly stools* Celiac Sprue - ANSWER -autoimmune, damages small intestinal villous epithelium when gluten is ingested -DQ2 and HLA-DQ8 -malabsorptions- vit K= hypoprothrombinemia= bruise/bleed easy -fat-soluble vitamins, iron, folic acid, *B12 and iron deficiency* *increased risk of stomach cancer* Bence Jones protein - ANSWER -Multiple myeloma -free immunoglobulin light chain present in the blood and urine when there is renal tubular cell damage multiple myeloma - ANSWER -clonal plasma cell cancer characterized by slow proliferation of tumor cell masses in the bone marrow