Summary
Samenvatting - Algemene En Moleculaire Genetica (UA_1046FBDDIE)
- Course
- Institution
Samenvatting van syllabus, lessen en aantekeningen. Compact maar moeilijke dingen wel goed verduidelijkt
[Show more]
Seller
Follow
BijnaDierenartsJennifer
Reviews received
Content preview
ALGEMENE &MOLECULAIRE GENETICA
Samenvatting
1E BACHELORE DIERGENEESKUNDE
UNIVERITEIT ANTWERPEN
Campus Drie Eiken
,Inhoud
Inleiding ..................................................................................................................................... 4
Historische en impact van de genetica ........................................................................... 4
Begrippenlijst: ........................................................................................................................ 6
Wetten van Mendel ................................................................................................................ 7
Gregor Mendel ..................................................................................................................... 7
Monohybride kruisingen ...................................................................................................... 7
Dihybride kruisingen ............................................................................................................. 7
Afwijkingen op de wetten van Mendel ............................................................................ 8
Begrippenlijst: ........................................................................................................................ 8
Chromosomen ......................................................................................................................... 9
Structuur van chromosomen .............................................................................................. 9
Mitose..................................................................................................................................... 9
Meiose.................................................................................................................................... 9
Cytogenetische studie van chromosoomstructuren .................................................... 10
Begrippenlijst: ...................................................................................................................... 10
Koppeling, recombinatie en de constructie van genetische kaarten .......................... 11
Koppeling ............................................................................................................................ 11
Recombinatie ..................................................................................................................... 11
Constructie van genetische kaarten .............................................................................. 11
Correlatie tussen recombinatiefrequentie en genetische afstand ............................ 11
Moleculaire biologie.............................................................................................................. 12
Structuur van DNA en RNA ............................................................................................... 12
Replicatie van DNA ........................................................................................................... 12
DNA herstel.......................................................................................................................... 13
Transcriptie en regulatie van genexpressie .................................................................... 13
Translatie en posttranslationele modificatie................................................................... 16
Begrippenlijst ....................................................................................................................... 17
Overervingswijzen .................................................................................................................. 18
Voorstelling van stambomen ........................................................................................... 18
] ......................................................................................................................................... 18
Monogenische overervingswijzen.................................................................................... 18
Factoren die overervingspatronen compliceren .......................................................... 21
Begrippenlijst ....................................................................................................................... 22
Populatiegenetica ................................................................................................................. 23
Basisprincipes van populatiegenetica ............................................................................ 23
1
, Wet van Hardy-Weinberg ................................................................................................. 23
Voorwaarden voor de wet van Hardy-Weinberg ......................................................... 24
Oorzaken van verstoring van wet van Hardy Weinberg .............................................. 24
1. Natuurlijke selectie .................................................................................................. 24
2. Niet willekeurige paring .......................................................................................... 24
3. Founder effect ......................................................................................................... 24
4. Mutatie...................................................................................................................... 24
5. Migratie..................................................................................................................... 24
Toepassingen van Hardy-Weinberg ................................................................................ 24
Begrippenlijst ....................................................................................................................... 24
Genetische afwijkingen ........................................................................................................ 26
Inleiding ............................................................................................................................... 26
Kiemlijn en somatische mutaties ...................................................................................... 26
Chromosomale afwijkingen .............................................................................................. 27
Euploidieen en aneuploidieen ..................................................................................... 27
Chromosomale herrangschikkingen............................................................................ 27
Sequentievariaties .............................................................................................................. 27
Mutaties ........................................................................................................................... 27
Aangeboren afwijkingen bij de mens ............................................................................. 28
Begrippenlijst ....................................................................................................................... 28
Verband overervingswijzen .................................................................................................. 30
Gain of function mutatie................................................................................................... 30
Loss of function mutatie .................................................................................................... 30
Dosage effect..................................................................................................................... 30
Vergelijking X- en Y-chromosoom .................................................................................... 31
Aneuploidieën van de geslachtschromosomen ........................................................... 31
Begrippenlijst ....................................................................................................................... 31
Basistechnieken gentechnologie ........................................................................................ 32
De constructie van recombinant DNA ........................................................................... 32
1e fase: aanmaak van recombinant DNA .................................................................. 32
2e fase: reproductie van recombinant DNA.............................................................. 32
De studie van specifieke DNA fragmenten.................................................................... 33
Scheiding van DNA fragmenten door gelelektroforese ........................................... 33
Southern blotting en hybridisatie.................................................................................. 33
Amplificatie van specifieke DNA fragmenten door PCR ......................................... 34
Sequentiebepaling van DNA fragmenten ................................................................. 34
2
, Begrippenlijst ....................................................................................................................... 35
Identificatie van ziekte veroorzakende genen ................................................................. 36
Inleiding ............................................................................................................................... 36
Positionele klonering van monogene ziektegenen....................................................... 36
1. Genomische lokalisatie van een ziektegen ........................................................ 36
2. Identificatie van het ziektegen uit de kandidaatregio ..................................... 37
Identificatie van genen bij complexe ziektebeelden ................................................. 38
Begrippenlijst ....................................................................................................................... 39
Farmacogenetica en genomica ........................................................................................ 40
Wat is farmacogenetica ................................................................................................... 40
Historiek ................................................................................................................................ 40
Doelstellingen en verwachtingen van farmacogenetica ........................................... 41
Modelorganismen.................................................................................................................. 42
Inleiding ............................................................................................................................... 42
Analyse van modelorganismen ....................................................................................... 42
.............................................................................................................................................. 43
.............................................................................................................................................. 43
Comparatieve genomica ................................................................................................ 43
Evolutie................................................................................................................................. 44
Duplicaties ....................................................................................................................... 44
Translocaties .................................................................................................................... 44
Begrippenlijst ....................................................................................................................... 44
3
The benefits of buying summaries with Stuvia:
Guaranteed quality through customer reviews
Stuvia customers have reviewed more than 700,000 summaries. This how you know that you are buying the best documents.
Quick and easy check-out
You can quickly pay through credit card or Stuvia-credit for the summaries. There is no membership needed.
Focus on what matters
Your fellow students write the study notes themselves, which is why the documents are always reliable and up-to-date. This ensures you quickly get to the core!
Frequently asked questions
What do I get when I buy this document?
You get a PDF, available immediately after your purchase. The purchased document is accessible anytime, anywhere and indefinitely through your profile.
Satisfaction guarantee: how does it work?
Our satisfaction guarantee ensures that you always find a study document that suits you well. You fill out a form, and our customer service team takes care of the rest.
Who am I buying these notes from?
Stuvia is a marketplace, so you are not buying this document from us, but from seller BijnaDierenartsJennifer. Stuvia facilitates payment to the seller.
Will I be stuck with a subscription?
No, you only buy these notes for $6.65. You're not tied to anything after your purchase.
Can Stuvia be trusted?
4.6 stars on Google & Trustpilot (+1000 reviews)
82215 documents were sold in the last 30 days
Founded in 2010, the go-to place to buy study notes for 14 years now