Forensic Medicine HOSA state test with verified solutions

Forensic Medicine HOSA state test with verified solutions subpoena - when a scientist is required to testify, this is sent to them stating when and where the trial is to be held voir dire - the prosecution introduces a scientist as an expert and then describes their qualifications, training, background etc. admissible evidence - evidence that is determined to be admitted into evidence and be considered in rendering the decision inculpatory evidence - evidence that tends to implicate the accused party exculpatory evidence - evidence that tends to free from guilt the accused party direct evidence - info that establishes a fact directly with out the need for further inference. ex-eyewitness testimony that the defendant fired the fatal shot circumstantial evidence - evidence requiring the trier of fact to infer certain events. ex-linking a defendant to a crime scene via DNA, hair, fiber, footprint etc. reconstruction evidence - evidence of the events leading to, occurring during, and occurring after a crime is committed association evidence - establishes a relationship between objects. ex-glass, hairs, bullets, fingerprints class characteristic - evidence that does not reference a particular suspect individual characteristics - associate a particular individual with the commission of a crime trace evidence - whenever two objects come in contact with each other a transfer of material will occur first responding officers - usually police officers, fire department, emergency medical personnel. Their actions at the crime scene will form the basis for successful or unsuccessful resolution of the investigation the 4 major tasks when documenting a crime scene - 1)note taking 2)videography 3)photography 4)sketching. all 4 are necessary and non is an adequate substitute for another exsanguination - when a person loses significant amount of blood dies by bleeding to death serum - the fluid or liquid portion of the blood that does not clot DNA is found... - the nuclei of white blood cells viscosity - resistance to change of form or flow. blood is approximately 6x more viscous than water angle of impact - 90 degrees-the resulting blood stain will be circular in shape. less than 90 degrees- create an elliptical blood stain mist pattern - bloodstain pattern resulting from blood reduced to a spray of localized micro drops as a result of the force applied. often with gunshot injuries forensic pathologist - physicians specializing in the diagnosis of disease and subspecialize in the borderline area between law and medicine and determines the cause of death in most US states medical examiners are required to be - forensic pathologist forensic pathology - the specialty of medicine and investigating the causes of sudden and unexpected deaths 4 goals of death investigation - 1) determine cause 2) determine manner 3) determine mechanism 4) determine time of death cause of death - the disease or injury that initiated the lethal chain of events that led to death. underlying cause. injury trumps disease mechanism of death - a biochemical or physiologic abnormality produced by the cause of death that is incompatible with life manners of death - natural, accidental, homicidal, suicidal. NASH rigor mortis - stiffening of muscles following death. usually seen about 4 hours after death. usually disappears 24 to 36 hours after death livor mortis - discoloration of the body that occurs from settling of red blood cells. lividity becomes fixed(pressure will not blanch lividity) after about 12 hours. disappears about 36 hours after death algor mortis - cooling of the body after death. 1.5 degrees celsius per hour for the first 8 hours. normal body temp is 37 degrees celsius. due to environmental condition- rough estimate only incised wound - injury produced by a sharp instrument(knives, swords, axes) and characterized by lack of surface abrasion. produced by sharp objects