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Sumario Farmacología antibioticos clasificacion
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clasificación antibióticos, aspectos generales, clasificación-
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Goodman and Gilmans The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics 13th Edition Brunton
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Goodman and Gilmans The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics 13th Edition Brunton
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Goodman and Gilmans The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics 13th Edition Brunton
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ANTIMICROBIANOSMedicamento que actua inhibiendo la replicacion de los microorganismos, por lo que se
utilizan para el tto de enf infecciosas, se clasifican en antibacterianos, antifúngicos,
antivíricos y antiparasitarios, segun el grupo de microorganismos sobre los que actuan.
Antibiótico : Antimicrobiano producido de forma natural por algunos microorganismos
como el penicillium notatum → penicilina
Los antimicrobianos pueden ser naturales o sintéticos.
Antimicrobiano semisintéticos: son aquellos que son naturales pero son
modificados por metodos quimicos para obtener derivados con mejores
propiedades
Quimioterápicos: antimicrobianos obtenidos por sintesis química
Los antimicrobianos si los aplicamos a bacterias, pueden ser →
Bacteriostaticos(disminuye su replicacion) o Bactericidas(destruyen)
Si un antibiotico bactericida, actua solo como bacteriostatico → se dice que la bacteria
obtuvo “tolerancia antimicrobiana”
Efecto postantibiotico→ Efecto de “bacteriostasis” que persiste un tiempo luego que el
antibiotico fue eliminado.
El concepto de “uso racional de antibióticos” deriva del “uso
racional de medicamentos”
Basicamente consiste en elegir el fármaco óptimo para un pte determinado,
teniendo en cuenta interacciones medicamentosas, el fco adecuado debe ser
eficaz, seguro(que no genere efectos adversos, o que sean mínimos), de bajo
costo y adecuado a la patologia actual y preexistente del paciente.
Para los antimicrobianos agregamos → que tenga el MENOR ESPECTRO
POSIBLE y que NO GENERE RESISTENCIA
Recordar → la 1º causa de falla de tto ATB consiste en la falta de respeto a los
regimenes posologicas establecidos.
ANTIMICROBIANOS 1
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