2.1 INLEIDING ............................................................................................................................... 12
2.1.1 DEFINITIE ..................................................................................................................................... 12
2.1.2 ATTITUDEMETINGEN ...................................................................................................................... 12
2.1.3 BRONNEN VOOR ATTITUDEMETINGEN: VAN WAAR HALEN WE ATTITUDES? .............................................. 13
2.1.4 EXPLICIETE VS. IMPLICIETE ATTITUDES ............................................................................................... 13
2.2 DIRECTE ATTITUDEMETINGEN ...................................................................................................... 14
2.2.1 NIET-GESTRUCTUREERD = OPEN VRAAG............................................................................................. 14
2.2.2 GESTRUCTUREERDE METINGEN = GESLOTEN VRAAG............................................................................. 14
2.3 SEMI-DIRECTE ATTITUDEMETINGEN ............................................................................................... 18
2.4 INDIRECTE ATTITUDEMETINGEN .................................................................................................... 18
2.4.1 INDIRECTE METINGEN GEBASEERD OP GEDRAG.................................................................................... 18
2.4.2 INDIRECTE ATTITUDEMETINGEN GEBASEERD OP OORDELEN ................................................................... 19
2.4.3 INDIRECTE ATTITUDEMETINGEN GEBASEERD OP FYSIOLOGISCHE REACTIE ................................................. 20
2.5 ATTITUDES – ATTITUDEVERANDERING? .......................................................................................... 21
3 ATTITUDE-TOT-GEDRAG LINK .................................................................................................. 22
3.1 BESTAAT ER EEN VERBAND TUSSEN ATTITUDES EN GEDRAG? ............................................................... 22
3.1.1 LAPIERE....................................................................................................................................... 22
3.1.2 COREY (1937).............................................................................................................................. 23
,3.1.3 WICKER ....................................................................................................................................... 23
3.2 ALS HET BESTAAT: ONDER WELKE OMSTANDIGHEDEN TREEDT HET OP? – MODERATOREFFECTEN ................ 23
3.2.1 MODERATOR VS MEDIATOR VARIABELEN (BARON & KENNY, 1986)....................................................... 24
3.2.2 4 TYPES MODERATOREFFECTEN ........................................................................................................ 24
3.3 ALS HET BESTAAT: HOE ONTSTAAT HET VERBAND?............................................................................ 27
3.3.1 THEORY OF REASONED ACTION (TRA) – AJZEN & FISHBEIN .................................................................. 27
3.3.2 THEORY OF PLANNED BEHAVIOR (TPB) – AJZEN................................................................................. 28
3.3.3 ATTITUDE-TO-BEHAVIOR PROCESS MODEL ......................................................................................... 28
3.3.4 MODE MODEL: INTEGRATED THEORY ............................................................................................... 30
3.3.5 OEFENING.................................................................................................................................... 30
4 ACTIES EN ATTITUDES.............................................................................................................. 30
5 TWO ROUTES TO PERSUASION. THE ELABORATION LIKELIHOOD MODEL ................................. 31
5.1 ELABORATION LIKELIHOOD MODEL (ELM) ...................................................................................... 32
5.1.1 CENTRALE ROUTE .......................................................................................................................... 33
5.1.2 PERIFERE ROUTE ........................................................................................................................... 33
5.1.3 EMPIRICAL EVIDENCE ..................................................................................................................... 34
5.2 TABEL: CATEGORISATIE EN VOORBEELDEN VAN FACTOREN DIE INVLOED HEBBEN OP ELM ......................... 34
5.2.1 RELATIVE OBJECTIVE PROCESSING ..................................................................................................... 35
5.2.2 RELATIVE BIASED PROCESSING ......................................................................................................... 38
5.3 PERIFERE CUE EFFECTEN.............................................................................................................. 40
5.3.1 PETTY, CACIOPPO & GOLDMAN: UNIVERSITY-WIDE EXAM .................................................................... 40
5.4 CONSEQUENTIE VAN DEZE TWEE ROUTES ........................................................................................ 41
5.4.1 MEERDERE ROLLEN VAN ÉÉN VARIABELE BINNEN ELM ......................................................................... 41
5.5 STUDIE: ADVANCED EFFECTS OF BODILY POSTURE/BEHAVIOR ON ATTITUDES .......................................... 42
5.5.1 BRINOL ET AL. ............................................................................................................................... 42
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