Critical appraisal- was the assignment random?
Computer generated, clinicians blinded and patients blinded. Stratification
variable (might want even numbers)
Were groups similar at the start?
Look for similar baseline characteristics/comparable (they can give more details
about the patient’s characteristics
Were groups treated differently?
Consultation time or time in treatment
Were all patients accounted for?
Why did they leave?
Intention to treat analysis- people may not get the treatment even if they were
suppose to receive it (with ITA you count it as a treatment even if missed)
Are the results of the trial valid?
Were measures objective?
Clear guide lines needed
Was treatment/ measurement blinded?
What were the results- probabilities?
P- probability of chance but magnitude of difference in an event not given
Eg. P<0.05= statistically significant (not chance)
Confidence Intervals
CI estimates how precise results are
95% of CI that the range of values will le in
Relative Risk (RR)
Risk of outcome in treatment/Risk of outcome in control
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