Master Of Science In De Bestuurskunde En Het Publiek Management
Structuur En Werking Van De Amerikaanse Economie (F000785A)
Summary
Samenvatting: Structuur en werking van de Amerikaanse economie (academiejaar: 2022/2023)
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Course
Structuur En Werking Van De Amerikaanse Economie (F000785A)
Institution
Universiteit Gent (UGent)
Samenvatting van het boek: "De Verenigde Staten: Van Columbus tot heden", geschreven door prof. dr. Herman Matthijs voor het vak 'Structuur en werking van de Amerikaanse economie (academiejaar 2022/ 2023).
Master Of Science In De Bestuurskunde En Het Publiek Management
Structuur En Werking Van De Amerikaanse Economie (F000785A)
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Samenvatting: Structuur en werking van de Amerikaanse economie (academiejaar: 2022-2023)
Inhoudstafel
Inhoudstafel ............................................................................................................................................... 1
Inleiding ..................................................................................................................................................... 7
Te kennen personen ............................................................................................................................................. 7
Hoofdstuk 1: De ontdekking en de kolonisatie ............................................................................................. 7
1.1 Vikings ............................................................................................................................................................ 7
1.2 Iberische landen ............................................................................................................................................. 7
1.2.1 Spanje ..................................................................................................................................................... 7
1.2.2 Portugal .................................................................................................................................................. 8
1.2.3 Eerste verdragen .................................................................................................................................... 8
1.3 De komst van de Fransen ............................................................................................................................... 8
1.4 De komst van de Britten................................................................................................................................. 9
1.6 Holland ......................................................................................................................................................... 10
1.6.1 Vrede van Breda (1667) ....................................................................................................................... 11
1.6.3 Vrede van Utrecht (1713) .................................................................................................................... 11
1.8 De politiek-geografische verdeling .............................................................................................................. 12
Hoofdstuk 2: Naar de onafhankelijkheid .................................................................................................... 12
2.4 De onafhankelijkheidsverklaring (Declaration of Indepedence) .................................................................. 12
2.5 De Grondwet en de Confederatie ................................................................................................................ 13
2.8 Vrede van Parijs (1783) ................................................................................................................................ 14
Hoofdstuk 3: De confederatie ................................................................................................................... 15
3.1 De onafhankelijkheid ................................................................................................................................... 15
3.3 De Northwest ordinance .............................................................................................................................. 15
Hoofdstuk 4: De uitbreidingen .................................................................................................................. 16
4.1 De basis van de uitbreidingen ...................................................................................................................... 16
4.1.3 Het Louisiana-gebied (Louisiana purchase/ vente de la Louisiana) (1803) ......................................... 16
4.1.4 De Amerikaans-Britse oorlog (Second war of independence) (1812 – 1814) ..................................... 17
4.1.5 De Mexicaanse oorlogen (1846 – 1848) .............................................................................................. 17
4.1.6 Het Oregon-akkoord (1846) ................................................................................................................. 18
4.1.7 De Gadsden Purchase (1853) ............................................................................................................... 19
4.1.8 De Alaska-koop (1867) ......................................................................................................................... 19
4.1.9 De Hawaï-annexatie en de Stille Oceaan ............................................................................................. 20
4.1.10 Het Cuba-dossier ................................................................................................................................ 21
4.1.11 De Maagdeneilanden ......................................................................................................................... 22
4.1.12 Groenland .......................................................................................................................................... 22
4.1.13 Conclusie ............................................................................................................................................ 22
1
, Addendum Canada ........................................................................................................................................ 22
4.2 De ontwikkeling van de staten..................................................................................................................... 24
4.2.4 Californië .............................................................................................................................................. 24
4.2.5 De slavendiscussie................................................................................................................................ 25
4.2.6 Burgeroorlog ........................................................................................................................................ 25
4.2.8 De laatste uitbreidingen....................................................................................................................... 26
4.3 Politieke geografie ....................................................................................................................................... 28
Hoofdstuk 5: De staten ............................................................................................................................. 28
5.1 De statelijke structuur .................................................................................................................................. 28
5.1.1 De parlementen ................................................................................................................................... 28
5.1.2 Gouverneurs......................................................................................................................................... 29
5.1.3 Case Florida .......................................................................................................................................... 29
5.2 De andere gebieden ..................................................................................................................................... 30
5.2.1 Washington D.C.................................................................................................................................... 30
5.2.2 De Commonwealth .............................................................................................................................. 30
5.2.3 De gebieden (Territories) ..................................................................................................................... 31
5.2.4 De Amerikaanse bezittingen (US Possessions) .................................................................................... 32
5.2.5 Onafhankelijke staten .......................................................................................................................... 33
5.3 De procedure om een staat te worden ........................................................................................................ 34
5.4 Actuele en oude cases .................................................................................................................................. 35
Hoofdstuk 6: De grondwet en het staatsrecht ............................................................................................ 35
6.1 De kenmerken .............................................................................................................................................. 35
6.1.1 Duurzaamheid ...................................................................................................................................... 36
6.1.2 Combinatie ........................................................................................................................................... 36
6.1.3 Seculier karakter .................................................................................................................................. 36
6.1.4 Republikeins karakter .......................................................................................................................... 36
6.1.5 Bondigheid ........................................................................................................................................... 37
6.3 De consolidatie van de grondwet ................................................................................................................ 38
6.5 Amenderingsprocedure................................................................................................................................ 39
6.5.1 Het voorstellen van een amendement ................................................................................................ 39
6.5.2 De ratificatie ......................................................................................................................................... 39
6.5.3 Praktijk en voorstellen ......................................................................................................................... 40
6.6 De Amendementen ...................................................................................................................................... 40
6.6.1 De Bill of Rights .................................................................................................................................... 40
6.6.5 De laatste amendementen .................................................................................................................. 41
6.7 De bevoegdheden ........................................................................................................................................ 41
6.8 Het evenwicht .............................................................................................................................................. 42
6.8.1 De machtenscheiding ........................................................................................................................... 42
6.8.2 Checks and Balances ............................................................................................................................ 43
6.9 Het Hooggerechtshof ................................................................................................................................... 44
Hoofdstuk 7: De politieke partijen ............................................................................................................. 47
7.1 De Democraten ............................................................................................................................................ 47
7.1.1 Geschiedenis ........................................................................................................................................ 47
7.1.2 Het DNC ................................................................................................................................................ 49
7.2 De Republikeinen ......................................................................................................................................... 50
7.2.1 De geschiedenis ................................................................................................................................... 50
7.2.2 Het RNC ................................................................................................................................................ 52
7.3 De derde partijen ......................................................................................................................................... 53
7.3.1 De Adamsites/ Whig ............................................................................................................................ 53
7.3.3 De Groenen .......................................................................................................................................... 54
7.3.4 De Constitutionele Partij ...................................................................................................................... 54
7.3.5 De Libertarische partij .......................................................................................................................... 55
7.5 De Federale Verkiezingscommissie .............................................................................................................. 55
Hoofstuk 8: De president .......................................................................................................................... 56
8.1 De voorwaarden........................................................................................................................................... 56
8.2 De beperking van de termijnen .................................................................................................................... 57
8.4 De macht van de president .......................................................................................................................... 57
8.5 Het vetorecht ............................................................................................................................................... 59
8.6 De vicepresident........................................................................................................................................... 59
8.7 De verkiezing ................................................................................................................................................ 61
8.7.2 De aankondiging................................................................................................................................... 61
8.7.3 De voorverkiezingen ............................................................................................................................ 62
8.7.6 De strijdstaten (Swing States) .............................................................................................................. 64
8.7.7 De verkiezingen .................................................................................................................................... 64
8.7.8 De eed .................................................................................................................................................. 67
8.7.10 De afzetting ........................................................................................................................................ 67
8.8 De administratie........................................................................................................................................... 68
8.8.1 Het White House Office ....................................................................................................................... 68
8.8.2 Het Executive Office of the President .................................................................................................. 70
8.8.3 Het Spoils system en het Merit system ............................................................................................... 71
8.8.5 De taal .................................................................................................................................................. 72
8.8.6 Het cabinet ........................................................................................................................................... 72
Hoofdstuk 9: Overzicht van de presidenten ............................................................................................... 74
9.1 George Washington (1789-1797) ................................................................................................................ 74
9.1.2 De regering ........................................................................................................................................... 74
9.1.3 De gebeurtenissen ............................................................................................................................... 74
9.2 John Adams (1797 – 1801) ........................................................................................................................... 74
9.2.3 De gebeurtenissen ............................................................................................................................... 74
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, 9.3 Thomas Jefferson (1801 – 1809) .................................................................................................................. 75
9.3.3 De gebeurtenissen ............................................................................................................................... 75
9.6 John Quincy Adams (1825 – 1829)............................................................................................................... 75
9.6.1 De verkiezingen .................................................................................................................................... 75
9.16 Abraham Lincoln (1861 – 1865) ................................................................................................................. 75
9.16.1 De verkiezingen .................................................................................................................................. 75
9.16.3 De gebeurtenissen ............................................................................................................................. 76
9.18 Ulysses Grant (1869 – 1877) ...................................................................................................................... 77
9.18.3 De gebeurtenissen ............................................................................................................................. 77
9.19 Rutherford Hayes (1877 – 1881) ................................................................................................................ 77
9.19.1 De verkiezingen .................................................................................................................................. 77
9.19.3 De gebeurtenissen ............................................................................................................................. 78
9.25 William McKinley (1897-1901)................................................................................................................... 79
9.25.1 De verkiezingen .................................................................................................................................. 79
9.25.3 De gebeurtenissen ............................................................................................................................. 79
9.26 Theodore Roosevelt (1901 – 1909) ............................................................................................................ 79
9.26.3 De gebeurtenissen ............................................................................................................................. 79
9.27 William Taft (1909 – 1913) ........................................................................................................................ 80
9.27.1 De verkiezingen .................................................................................................................................. 80
9.27.3 De gebeurtenissen ............................................................................................................................. 80
9.31 Herbert Hoover (1929 – 1933) ................................................................................................................... 81
9.31.3 De gebeurtenissen ............................................................................................................................. 81
9.32 Franklin Roosevelt (1933 – 1945) .............................................................................................................. 82
9.32.3 De gebeurtenissen ............................................................................................................................. 82
9.33 Harry Truman (1945 – 1953) ..................................................................................................................... 85
9.33.3 De gebeurtenissen ............................................................................................................................. 85
9.34 Dwight Eisenhouwer (1953 - 1961)............................................................................................................ 87
9.34.3 De gebeurtenissen ............................................................................................................................. 87
9.35 John Kennedy (1961 – 1963) ...................................................................................................................... 88
9.35.3 De gebeurtenissen ............................................................................................................................. 88
9.37 Richard Nixon (1969 – 1974)...................................................................................................................... 89
9.37.3 De gebeurtenissen ............................................................................................................................. 89
9.40 Ronald Reagan (1981 – 1989).................................................................................................................... 91
9.40.3 De gebeurtenissen ............................................................................................................................. 91
9.41 George H.W. Bush (1989 – 1993)............................................................................................................... 92
9.41.3 De gebeurtenissen ............................................................................................................................. 93
9.42 Bill Clinton (1993 – 2001) ........................................................................................................................... 94
9.42.3 De gebeurtenissen ............................................................................................................................. 94
9.43 George Walker Bush (2001 – 2009) ........................................................................................................... 96
9.43.3 De gebeurtenissen ............................................................................................................................. 96
9.44 Barack Obama (2009 – 2017) .................................................................................................................... 98
9.44.1 De verkiezingen .................................................................................................................................. 98
9.44.3 De gebeurtenissen ............................................................................................................................. 98
9.45 Donald Trump (2017 – 2021) ..................................................................................................................... 99
9.45.1 De verkiezingen .................................................................................................................................. 99
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