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Summary

Summary Drug packaging

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Industrial pharmacy - 1st semester Includes bullet points, key diagrams and images

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  • June 8, 2023
  • 6
  • 2019/2020
  • Summary
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Packaging Technology

Pack Types

 Primary pack- direct contact with product (blister pack/bottle) and principle
protection for product
 Secondary pack- surrounds the primary pack so enables storage, transport and
display
 Tertiary pack- extra material like leaflets, inserts and dispensing measures
 For presentation, protection, identification and convenience

Presentation

 Professional appearance
 Designed to aid product selection
 Can label on more than 1 box face
 Issue with foreign imports

Protection

 Climactic- from atmosphere
 Biological- micro-biological
 Chemical- interaction between product and pack
 Use- for professional and patient

Identification

 Enables labelling
 Brand identification
 OTC- brand awareness and easy identification
 POM- more plain and fulfils legal requirements

Convenience/Containment/Compliance

 Ease of use
 Size restriction

Factors to Consider for Product Protection

 Scrap Cart
 Shock
 Compression
 Rattle (vibration)
 Abrasion
 Puncture
 Containment
 Ageing
 Rodents
 Theft
 Mist Mard
 Moisture
 Insects
 Sunlight/light

,  Temperature extremes
 Microbiological
 Atmosphere
 Recycling
 Disposal

Why We Need Packaging

 Easier to handle
 Chemical protection
 Integrity of product
 Identification
 Ease of use

Types of Packaging

 Bottles
 Blister packs
 Strips
 Sachets
 Specials (injector pens)

Pharmacopoeial Glass

 Silicon dioxide >70%
 Type 1-neutral glass/borosilicate made of aluminium oxides. High thermal shock
resistance and very high hydrolytic resistance due to boric oxide. Reusable
products
 Type 2-soda lime silicate glass made by alkali metal oxides. High hydrolytic
resistance by chemical treatment. Suitable for aqueous solution<pH 7
 Type 3- soda lime silicate. Moderate hydrolytic resistance so suitable for non-
aqueous preparation or non-parenteral aqueous products
 Type 4- soda lime silicate glass with low hydrolytic resistance. Only for solid
non-parenteral formulations
 Colourless for parenterals
 Amber for orals and topicals
 Hydrolytic resistance test- contact time between surface of the glass and water
(titrate for released alkali)

Advantages of Glass

 Cheap but more expensive than plastic
 Easy to produce
 Easy to clean
 Easy inspection
 Good resistance to moisture

Disadvantages of Glass

 Breakable
 Some can release alkali into the contents
 Heavy

Plastics

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