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Summary Tablet formulation
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Industrial pharmacy - 2nd semester Includes bullet points, key diagrams and images
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Tablet FormulationConventional Compressed Tablets
Rapid disintegration and release of drug in GIT
Compression of granules or powder
Multiple Compressed Tablets
Multiple layered formulation- light compression of drug powder/granules to
form layer. Next layer is formed by compressing mixture on top of previous layer
Multiple compressed formulation- light compression of first drug layer. Tablet is
added to mix of second powder and then compressed so encasing the first tablet
Drugs may be incompatible so separate layers used
API can be delivered at different rates to different sites in GIT
Mask taste or prevent degradation in stomach
Enteric Coated
Polymer coating that dissolve under alkaline pH but not acidic
Protection against degradation or prevent irritation
Polymer dissolves in lower intestine which releases drug
Cellulose acetate/phthalate/butyrate- esters that dissolve at above pH 6
Hydroxypropylmethyl cellulose succinate/acetate- esters which dissolve in the
intestine
Methacrylic acid copolymer (Eudragit)- ethyl/methyl/butyl/dimethylamino
methacrylate
Eudragit L100- poly(methycrylate- co-methylacrylate) in a 1:1 molar ratio is
soluble at above pH 5.5
Eudrgait S100- poly(methycrylate- co-methylacrylate) in a 1:2 molar ratio is
soluble from pH 7
Sugar Coated Tablets
Compressed tablets coated in >50% sugar solution
Masks bitter taste of API
Film Coated Tablets
Can target different parts of GIT with polymer composition
Polymers are insoluble so drug diffuses through
Are soluble at some pHs
Hydroxypropylmethylcellulose
Hydroxypropylcellulose
, Eudragit E100 co-polymer of butylmethacrylate, 2-
dimethylaminoethylmethacrylate and methylmethacrylate in a 1:2:1 molar ratio
Are insoluble at all pHs
Ethylcellulose
Eudragit RL- ethylacrylate- co methyl methacrylate and co
triethylaminoethylmethacrylate chloride in a 1:2:0.2 molar ratio so is more
permeable than RS
Same as RS but 1:2:0.1 molar ratio
Chewable Tablets
For people who have trouble swallowing
If tablet is too large
Effervescent Tablets
Rapidly disintegrate forming a solution or suspension
Reaction between citric acid and sodium bicarbonate
API is rapidly absorbed
Need moisture free packaging
Buccal and Sublingual Tablets
Slowly dissolve into systemic circulation
Avoids first pass metabolism
Manufacturing Tablets
Wet granulation
Dry granulation
Direct compression
Roller compaction (chilsonation)
Choice dependant on: compression properties of API, particle size, types of
excipients and chemical stability
General steps: mixing API with excipients, granulation of mixed powder, mixing
of powder with other excipients and compression of powder into tablet
Diluent/fillers
Increases the mass of the tablet
Must have good compression properties
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