Summary
Summary NANC neurotransmitters
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Neurophysiology, synaptic pharmacology and endocrinology - 1st semester Includes bullet points, key diagrams and images
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NANC NeurotransmittersNeuromodulators
Pre-synaptic modulation- respond to NT and inhibit their release by auto-
inhibitory feedback, NANC modulate NT release and mutual inhibition of ACh
and NA
Post-synaptic modulation- NT alter the excitability of post-synaptic cells either
excitatory or inhibitory
Co-transmitters
, Neurotransmitters
Must be synthesised and stored in nerve terminals
Once released it’s action must mimic exogenously applied transmitter
Enzymes inactive or an uptake system recycles it
Drugs effecting the response must also modify the exogenous ligand
ATP
Synthesised in energy metabolism in mitochondria
Loaded into vesicle by VNUT
Present in vesicles in post-ganglionic autonomic neurons and somatic alpha
neurons
P2X (Purinergic Receptor)
Ligand gated ion channel
7 channels activated by ATP
P2X1- causes contraction following sympathetic stimulation
P2X2- involved in fast EPSPs in CNS
P2X3- involved in fast pain sensation and bladder reflex
P2X4-involved in chronic pain and LTP (long term potentiation) in CNS neurons
P2X7-invloved in inflammatory signalling and CNS neuronal secretion
Drug Sumarin antagonist at P2X receptors
Key in taste sensation (P2X2 and P2X3)
P2Y
P2Y12 is important in preventing clot formation
Clopidogrel, prasugrel and tricagrelor all block ADP from binding to P2Y12
preventing platelet aggregation
ATP Action in ANS
Sympathetic nerves innervating smooth muscle release ATP and NA- rapid short
acting excitatory effect causing a contractile response in blood vessels
Parasympathetic nerves innervating the bladder release ATP and ACh causing a
contractile response
In the enteric system ATP is an inhibitory NT causing relaxation of smooth
muscle
Termination of Purinergic Signalling
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