Smoking
22% adult men and 17% women smoke
Nicotine – addictive
Tar – causes cancer, heart and lung disease
CO – causes heart disease and adverse effects in pregnancy
80,000 UK deaths a year attributed to smoking
Deaths:
1 in 3 male cancer deaths
1 in 5 female cancer deaths
CHD mortality 50% higher
35% respiratory deaths
Co-morbidities:
Asthma, cataracts, CD, DM, ED, osteoporosis, RA and macular degeneration
Passive smoking effects:
Adults – lung cancer, CHD, stroke and cervical cancer
Children – ear infections, cancer, leukaemia and impaired learning
Pregnancy – cot death, low birth weight and miscarriage
Quitting
Benefits:
BP and HR return to normal
CO eliminated from the body
Improved sense of smell and taste
Improved circulation
Heart attack and lung cancer risk reduces to 50% of that of a smoker
Takes 15 years for risks to return to normal
Difficulty:
Addiction – chemical (withdrawal and craving), emotional (calming and
comforting) and physical habit (routine)
Withdrawal symptoms – depression, restlessness, constipation, mouth ulcers,
increased appetite and weight
Nicotine Replacement Therapy
Nicotine absorbed more slowly to reduce severity of withdrawal symptoms
Licensed 12 years +
SEs – palpitations
Pregnancy – intermittent use or patches
Breastfeeding – intermittent as low concentration in milk
DM – monitor BG more closely as can alter levels
Age 12-17 – restricted to 12 weeks and any longer must be supervised by a
professional
NARS Program:
Cut down to quit
NRT 12 month success is 5.3% vs placebo 2.6%
Step 1:
0-6 weeks
Establish how many you smoke
Aim to reduce by 50%
Use NRT when feeling the urge to smoke
Step 2:
22% adult men and 17% women smoke
Nicotine – addictive
Tar – causes cancer, heart and lung disease
CO – causes heart disease and adverse effects in pregnancy
80,000 UK deaths a year attributed to smoking
Deaths:
1 in 3 male cancer deaths
1 in 5 female cancer deaths
CHD mortality 50% higher
35% respiratory deaths
Co-morbidities:
Asthma, cataracts, CD, DM, ED, osteoporosis, RA and macular degeneration
Passive smoking effects:
Adults – lung cancer, CHD, stroke and cervical cancer
Children – ear infections, cancer, leukaemia and impaired learning
Pregnancy – cot death, low birth weight and miscarriage
Quitting
Benefits:
BP and HR return to normal
CO eliminated from the body
Improved sense of smell and taste
Improved circulation
Heart attack and lung cancer risk reduces to 50% of that of a smoker
Takes 15 years for risks to return to normal
Difficulty:
Addiction – chemical (withdrawal and craving), emotional (calming and
comforting) and physical habit (routine)
Withdrawal symptoms – depression, restlessness, constipation, mouth ulcers,
increased appetite and weight
Nicotine Replacement Therapy
Nicotine absorbed more slowly to reduce severity of withdrawal symptoms
Licensed 12 years +
SEs – palpitations
Pregnancy – intermittent use or patches
Breastfeeding – intermittent as low concentration in milk
DM – monitor BG more closely as can alter levels
Age 12-17 – restricted to 12 weeks and any longer must be supervised by a
professional
NARS Program:
Cut down to quit
NRT 12 month success is 5.3% vs placebo 2.6%
Step 1:
0-6 weeks
Establish how many you smoke
Aim to reduce by 50%
Use NRT when feeling the urge to smoke
Step 2:
