Summary
Staatsorga Zusammenfassung
- Course
- Institution
Ausführliche Zusammenfassung. Geeignet für Anfänger, weil nichts vorausgesetzt wird (es fängt bei null an), bis hin zur Examensvorbereitung, das Skript greift viele Probleme auf.
[Show more]
Seller
Follow
annastadtlander
Content preview
StaatsorganisationsrechtSkript
Inhaltsverzeichnis
A. Einführung ....................................................................................................................... 1
I. Staat ................................................................................................................................. 1
1. Staatsgebiet .................................................................................................................. 1
2. Staatsvolk ..................................................................................................................... 1
a) Wortlaut ................................................................................................................... 1
b) Historisch.............................................................................................................. 1
c) Systematisch............................................................................................................. 1
d) Sinn und Zweck .................................................................................................... 1
e) Ergebnis ................................................................................................................... 2
3. Staatsgewalt ................................................................................................................. 2
II. Staatsstrukturprinzipien ............................................................................................... 2
1. Republik ....................................................................................................................... 2
2. Demokratieprinzip ....................................................................................................... 2
a) Unmittelbare Demokratie ......................................................................................... 2
b) Mittelabre Demokratie ......................................................................................... 2
3. Sozialstaat .................................................................................................................... 3
4. Bundesstaat .................................................................................................................. 3
5. Rechtsstaatsprinzip ...................................................................................................... 3
a) Grundrechte .............................................................................................................. 3
b) Gewaltenteilung.................................................................................................... 3
c) Gesetzesvorbehalt .................................................................................................... 3
d) Effektiver Rechtsschutz ........................................................................................ 4
e) Staatshaftung ............................................................................................................ 4
f) Rechtssicherheit und Bestimmtheit .......................................................................... 4
aa) Echte Rückwirkung .......................................................................................... 4
bb) Unechte Rückwirkung ...................................................................................... 4
cc) Strafrecht........................................................................................................... 4
, g) Verhältnismäßigkeitsprinzip ................................................................................ 4
aa) Legitimer Zweck ............................................................................................... 4
bb) Geeignetheit ...................................................................................................... 5
cc) Erforderlichkeit ................................................................................................. 5
dd) Angemessenheit ................................................................................................ 5
h) Nicht zu vergessen................................................................................................ 5
6. Ewigkeitsgarantie ........................................................................................................ 5
B. Verhältnis zw. Bund und Ländern ................................................................................... 6
I. Bereiche in denen die Länder Kompetenz haben ............................................................ 6
II. Bundestreue ................................................................................................................. 6
III. Bundeszwang ............................................................................................................... 6
IV. Vorrang des Gesetzes .................................................................................................. 6
C. Einzelne staatliche Organe .............................................................................................. 8
I. Parteien ............................................................................................................................ 8
1. Aufgaben der Partei ..................................................................................................... 8
2. Parteienprivileg und Parteienfinanzierung .................................................................. 8
a) Parteienprivileg ........................................................................................................ 8
b) Parteienfinanzierung ............................................................................................. 8
aa) Unmittelbare Parteifinanzierung ....................................................................... 8
bb) Mittelbare Parteifinanzierung ........................................................................... 8
3. Parteiverbot .................................................................................................................. 8
II. Bundestag .................................................................................................................... 8
1. Wahlgrundsätze Art. 38 I 1 GG ................................................................................... 9
a) Allgemein ................................................................................................................. 9
b) Unmittelbar ........................................................................................................... 9
c) Frei ........................................................................................................................... 9
d) Gleich ................................................................................................................... 9
aa) Zählungswertgleichheit..................................................................................... 9
bb) Erfolgswertgleichheit ........................................................................................ 9
e) Geheim ..................................................................................................................... 9
2. Verletzung der Wahlrechtsgrundsätze ......................................................................... 9
3. Wahlsystem................................................................................................................ 10
a) Mehrheitswahl ........................................................................................................ 10
aa) Absolute Mehrheitswahl ................................................................................. 10
II
, bb) Relative Mehrheitswahl .................................................................................. 10
b) Verhältniswahl.................................................................................................... 10
4. Überhangmandate ...................................................................................................... 11
I. Verstoß gegen Gleichheit der Wahl, Art. 38 I 1 GG.................................................. 11
5. Aufgaben des Bundestages ........................................................................................ 13
a) Gesetzgebung ......................................................................................................... 13
b) Kontrolle der Regierungsarbeit .......................................................................... 13
c) Entscheidung über Bundeswehr einsetze ............................................................... 14
d) Entscheidung über Bundeshaushalt .................................................................... 14
e) Wahl des Bundeskanzlers, Art. 63 GG .................................................................. 14
f) Wahl des Bundespräsidenten, Art. 54 GG ............................................................. 14
g) Wahl der Richter des BVerfG, Art. 94 I GG ...................................................... 14
6. Auflösung des Bundestages ....................................................................................... 14
7. Die Abgeordneten des Bundestages .......................................................................... 15
III. Bundesrat ................................................................................................................... 17
IV. Bundespräsident ......................................................................................................... 18
1. Das formelle Prüfungsrecht ....................................................................................... 18
2. Das materielle Prüfungsrecht ..................................................................................... 18
a) Wortlaut ................................................................................................................. 18
b) Historisch............................................................................................................ 19
c) Systematik .............................................................................................................. 19
aa) Art. 56 GG ...................................................................................................... 19
bb) Art. 61 GG ...................................................................................................... 19
cc) Art. 1 III GG i.V.m. Art. 20 III GG ................................................................ 19
dd) Normverwerfungsmonopol, Art. 93 I Nr. 2, Nr. 4a GG, Art. 100 GG. .......... 19
ee) Art. 58 GG ...................................................................................................... 19
ff) Ergebnis .......................................................................................................... 19
3. Politisches Prüfungsrecht........................................................................................... 19
V. Bundesregierung ........................................................................................................ 20
1. Bisherige Bundeskanzler ........................................................................................... 20
2. Prinzipien der Bundesregierung ................................................................................ 20
3. Amtszeit des Ministers .............................................................................................. 21
4. Amtszeit des Kanzlers ............................................................................................... 21
D. Die Gesetzgebung.......................................................................................................... 22
III
, I. Zuständigkeit Art. 70 ff. GG ......................................................................................... 22
1. Ausschließliche Gesetzgebung: ................................................................................. 22
2. Konkurrierende Gesetzgebung: ................................................................................. 22
3. Ungeschriebene Gesetzgebungskompetenzen ........................................................... 23
a) Kraft Sachzusammenhangs .................................................................................... 23
b) Kraft Natur der Sache ......................................................................................... 23
c) Annexkompetenz ................................................................................................... 23
d) Sehr restriktive Anwendung von b) und c) ........................................................ 23
e) Bereiche die nur Kompetenz der Länder sind (s.o. B I) ........................................ 23
4. Art. 125a GG ............................................................................................................. 23
II. Verfahren Art. 76 ff. GG ........................................................................................... 24
1. Einspruchsgesetze ...................................................................................................... 24
2. Zustimmungsgesetze.................................................................................................. 24
3. Formelles und materielles Recht ............................................................................... 24
4. Verfahrensverstöße (s.u. H) ....................................................................................... 24
III. Form Art. 82 GG........................................................................................................ 24
E. Die Exekutive ................................................................................................................ 26
I. Ausführung als eigene Angelegenheiten ....................................................................... 26
II. Bundesauftragsverwaltung ........................................................................................ 26
III. Bundeseigene Verwaltung ......................................................................................... 26
F. Die Judikative ................................................................................................................... 27
G. Verfahrensarten (Schema) ............................................................................................. 28
I. Abstrakte Normenkontrolle ........................................................................................... 28
1. Zulässigkeit ................................................................................................................ 28
a) Zuständigkeit .......................................................................................................... 28
b) Antragsberechtigt ............................................................................................... 28
c) Antragsgegenstand ................................................................................................. 28
d) Antragsgrund ...................................................................................................... 28
e) Objektives Klarstellungsinteresse .......................................................................... 28
f) Form ....................................................................................................................... 29
2. Begründetheit ............................................................................................................. 29
a) Formelle Verfassungsmäßigkeit ............................................................................ 29
b) Materielle Verfassungsmäßigkeit ....................................................................... 29
II. Konkrete Normenkontrolle ........................................................................................ 30
IV
The benefits of buying summaries with Stuvia:
Guaranteed quality through customer reviews
Stuvia customers have reviewed more than 700,000 summaries. This how you know that you are buying the best documents.
Quick and easy check-out
You can quickly pay through credit card or Stuvia-credit for the summaries. There is no membership needed.
Focus on what matters
Your fellow students write the study notes themselves, which is why the documents are always reliable and up-to-date. This ensures you quickly get to the core!
Frequently asked questions
What do I get when I buy this document?
You get a PDF, available immediately after your purchase. The purchased document is accessible anytime, anywhere and indefinitely through your profile.
Satisfaction guarantee: how does it work?
Our satisfaction guarantee ensures that you always find a study document that suits you well. You fill out a form, and our customer service team takes care of the rest.
Who am I buying these notes from?
Stuvia is a marketplace, so you are not buying this document from us, but from seller annastadtlander. Stuvia facilitates payment to the seller.
Will I be stuck with a subscription?
No, you only buy these notes for $12.41. You're not tied to anything after your purchase.
Can Stuvia be trusted?
4.6 stars on Google & Trustpilot (+1000 reviews)
67096 documents were sold in the last 30 days
Founded in 2010, the go-to place to buy study notes for 14 years now