This document provides a short overview of Chapter 2.4: Proteins in the IB Biology SL curriculum. You will learn about the structure and function of proteins, the building blocks of life. This document will help you to prepare for the exam by summarizing the key points that you need to know for thi...
Amino acids linked by condensation form
are
together to
polypeptidel
A
polypeptide is a
single amino acid chain (don'tconfuse a
polypeptide
with a
protein), cells use the naturally occurring amino acids synthesize
to
polypeptides
The creation
genes controls
the each
of polypeptide
Hi...HT...
it
↑Grosine
i these would then
↑ leucine glutamic, form a
polypeptide
guid
---
S
-
-
by condensation, there amino acids would
20
+
get connected by bonds
covalent
OH 13
13
c+
OH -
-
k
I
CH3
V
CH3
# I
-
in -
CH
I I condensation /
I
-
CH2 or
8
-
-
qH2 O I I
I
4 0-
H3N
-
HgN -
c -
c
H Yo-
condensation polypeptide
tyrosine t leucine -
(made up of
tyrosine & leucinel
a condensation reaction is partofanabolism, - metabolism
where larger molecules are synthesized from small ones anabolism
catabolism
notice that
water is always a product
ofa
condensation reaction
, 2.4
there are 20 amino acids in polypeptides synthesized on ribosomes
the amino acids used to
synthesize polypeptides are
20 differentones
they all
follow the same structure:
-I
the 1 or variable
group
is differs
what between the
amino acids, would
examples
↳x+ be:
I
El
H
the function of ribosomes is the production of
pateins, the polypeptides are created a
from
mRNA, which is a
copy of
a
gene
protein
out
DIY Same
as
mRNA
in
go
-
a
these 20 amino acids combine in differentways (though
a reaction called condensation) create
to differentpolypeptides
AA together
can be linked in
any sequence, giving a
huge range of
possible peptides
through condensation, differentAA can be combined in
any sequence, this means that
(theoretically) the amount
differentpolypeptides
of with the same
length is
zokngth three
AA-lang polypeptide:20x20
- 20
x
each created
polypeptide has a different
three-dimensional
structure, having dominant influence on itsfunction
a
the number organism's genome
proteins
of is connected the
to
if a
gene is active cells
produce the
polypeptide coded
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