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Lecture notes | Revitalizing Neighbourhoods | University of Groningen
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Lecture notes | Revitalizing Neighbourhoods | University of Groningen
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Revitalising Neighbourhoods- summary lecturesCollege 1- introduction
Neighbourhood effects; life-course different needs/wants
Why do they matter?
- Stages for life
- Home; sense of
- Social cohesion
- Fertile ground for collective action
Normative views on the neighbourhood:
- New urbanism
o Counter sprawl
Walkability
Public space
Common facilities
Diversify functions
Architecture with identity
- UK: living with beauty
o Reinventing the art of neighbourhood dev. (integral approach)
Background: market-based; one-off interventions
- Socio-ecological urbanism
o Stage for:
Consumption patterns
Affordable living
Promote community
building
Adaptability
o Neighbourhood is sufficient mass to
scale + connectedness (fertile
ground for action)
- Neighbourhoods for improving health and
well-being (see picture)
How and for who do neighbourhoods matter?
- Residents: well-being; opportunities
- Property owners: financial returns
- Local gov.: housing supply; economic competitiveness; public services; liveability
- Housing associations: affordability; liveability
o Concentrations of social housing in deprived neighbourhoods + finance-side assets
How do neighbourhoods affect us?
- Neighbourhood effects: impact of the composition of the neighbourhood or its structural
characteristics on people’s life (Musterd, 2019)
- Global trends + individual characteristics + neighbourhood behaviour, opportunities and
constraints
- 4 types (Galster, 2012)
o Socio-cultural
Social norms/control/role models
o Environment
Exposure to violence & pollution
, o Geographic
Spatial mismatch
E.g. affordability/transportation/housing
o Institutional
Stigmatization, quality of resources
What are neighbourhoods?
- Where people live together/ administrative unit/ housing facilities/ a community of some sorts
- Different per individual, based on our daily routines degree of neighbourhoodness
Policy responses
- Which neighbourhoods?
o Verhage: neighbourhoods that are already not doing well (reverse the downwards
spiral)
How to understand neighbourhood revitalization?
- Neighbourhood was once a vital place
o Emphasis on: this system has capacity in itself; how can we stimulate networks that
are already there?
- Regeneration/renewal (other terms)
, College 2- kick-off assignment
Specific cities have intimate relationships with their higher education institutions ( studentification)
Angles
- Preventing braindrain? wanting to keep the students
- Housing stock crisis
- Effects of students in the neighbourhood communities: noise pollution, different rhythms,
unfamiliarity, etc.
The designed vs. the lived city understanding the opportunities and tensions, as well as their
consequences (family-designed neighbourhood large influx of students)
How to define studentification?
- Anderson: big influx of students: clustering: changes the nature of the place
- Forms
o HMO: family housing
o Small flats
o Temporal housing
o PSBA: purpose build student accommodation
- Waves of studentification:
o 1st
Inner-city; around campus
Rise of sub-culture
o 2 nd
HOMO supply dries up
Supply of cheap convertible single family residences in attractive
parts ( as a policy consequence)
Replacing many of the parent gentrifiers 1st wave
Purpose built student accommodation
- Impact city-level & street level
o City-level
Flexible work-force + start-ups
Specific facilities (bus, medical, etc.)
Housing-market: buy to let
o Street level
Change of facilities
Pressures on parking
Littering
Noise-pollution
Anti-social behaviour
Maintenance
Petty crime
Culturally diverse
Depopulation (seasonal)
Stigmatization
Of students: a certain image; partiers, lazy
Diversification of declining areas
State-led studentification
Tension: rhythms
Reduces sense of community
Internationalization
Communication barriers
Unfamiliarity with social norms/cultural codes
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