Dit is een samenvatting van het vak Multidisciplinaire forensische wetenschappen, gegeven als keuzevak in de Master Criminologische wetenschappen. Oorspronkelijk is het een vak van de opleiding Biomedische wetenschappen. De samenvatting is gebaseerd op de lessen en PPT's.
MASTER CRIMINOLOGISCHE WETENSCHAPPEN, TWEEDE SEMESTER
,INHOUDSOPGAVE
H1 – Forensische ballistiek ............................................................................................................ 1
1.1 Inleiding ......................................................................................................................................... 1
1.2 Cijfers vuurwapengebruik in Vlaanderen en België ...................................................................... 2
1.3 Voorkennis vuurwapens en munitie ............................................................................................. 3
1.3.1 Vuurwapens............................................................................................................................ 3
1.3.2 De loop ................................................................................................................................... 5
1.3.3 Repeteer, semiautomatisch en automatisch ......................................................................... 7
1.3.4 Trekkersmechanisme ............................................................................................................. 7
1.3.5 Voorladers en achterladers .................................................................................................... 7
1.3.6 Afvuringsmechanismen .......................................................................................................... 8
1.3.7 Wapenwet 8 juni 2006 ........................................................................................................... 8
1.4 Onderzoek op de plaats van de feiten ........................................................................................ 12
1.5 Ballistisch onderzoek schotwonden ............................................................................................ 14
1.6 Specifiek ballistisch onderzoek.................................................................................................... 16
H2 – FGP Leuven: gerechtelijk directeur ...................................................................................... 19
2.1 Federale recherche vs. lokale recherche..................................................................................... 19
2.2 Beleidspijlers FGP ........................................................................................................................ 20
2.2.1 Informatiegestuurd .............................................................................................................. 21
2.2.2 Recherchemanagement ....................................................................................................... 22
2.2.3 Operationaliteit en expertise ............................................................................................... 24
2.2.4 Steun en synergieën ............................................................................................................. 26
2.2.5 Trends ................................................................................................................................... 27
2.3 Casus: grootschalig drugsdossier ................................................................................................ 27
H3 – ICT Federal Computer Crime Unit ........................................................................................ 29
3.1 Inleiding ....................................................................................................................................... 29
3.2 Cybercrime .................................................................................................................................. 31
3.2.1 Classificatie ........................................................................................................................... 31
3.2.2 Entiteiten .............................................................................................................................. 32
3.3 Federal Computer Crime Unit ..................................................................................................... 32
3.4 ICT Forensics ................................................................................................................................ 32
3.5 In beslagname van data............................................................................................................... 35
3.5.1 Wetboek van strafvordering ................................................................................................ 35
3.5.2 Voorstellen tot onderzoek? .................................................................................................. 37
, 3.5.3 Vorderen van derden ........................................................................................................... 37
3.5.4 In beslagname van data........................................................................................................ 39
3.5.5 Exploitatie ............................................................................................................................. 40
H4 – FGP Leuven Sectie Moord ................................................................................................... 42
4.1 Situering binnen politielandschap ............................................................................................... 42
4.2 Opdrachten en taken................................................................................................................... 42
4.3 Politioneel onderzoek.................................................................................................................. 43
4.4 Wetgeving ................................................................................................................................... 44
4.5 Verbeterpunten en uitdagingen .................................................................................................. 48
4.5.1 Verbeterpunten .................................................................................................................... 48
4.5.2 Uitdagingen .......................................................................................................................... 48
4.6 Casus FGP: Sectie Moord / Zware Crim ....................................................................................... 49
H5 – Ongevallendeskundige verkeer ........................................................................................... 51
5.1 Inleiding ....................................................................................................................................... 51
5.2 Indeling naar bepaalde types ongeval......................................................................................... 52
5.2.1 Vluchtmisdrijven................................................................................................................... 52
5.2.2 Voetgangers- en fietsersaanrijdingen .................................................................................. 54
5.2.3 Dode-hoek-ongeval – digitale tachograaf ............................................................................ 55
5.2.4 Vrachtwagenongeval – camera tankstation......................................................................... 57
5.2.5 Motorfietsongeval – crashtest ............................................................................................. 58
5.2.6 Ongeval bij duisternis ........................................................................................................... 58
5.3 Indeling naar bepaalde onderzoekswijzen .................................................................................. 58
5.3.1 Verklaringen ......................................................................................................................... 58
5.3.2 Onderzoek ............................................................................................................................ 58
5.3.3 Helmen – biomechanica – Euroncap .................................................................................... 60
5.3.4 Active Safety: wat steekt er op de wagen? .......................................................................... 61
5.3.5 Opname van sporen op het wegdek .................................................................................... 61
5.3.6 Dashcam en GPS-trackers..................................................................................................... 62
5.3.7 Simulatieprogramma’s – bepaling snelheden ...................................................................... 63
5.3.8 Studie van de vermijdbaarheid (causaliteit) ........................................................................ 63
5.4 Cases ............................................................................................................................................ 65
5.5 Besluit .......................................................................................................................................... 65
H6 – Branddeskundige: onderzoek van brandoorzaken ............................................................... 66
6.1 Doel ............................................................................................................................................. 66
6.1.1 De opzettelijke brandstichting ............................................................................................. 66
, 6.1.2 De onopzettelijke brandstichting ......................................................................................... 68
6.1.3 De vernieling van gebouwen etc. door het veroorzaken van een ontploffing..................... 68
6.2 Inleiding ....................................................................................................................................... 68
6.3 Onderzoek van de brandplaats ................................................................................................... 69
6.3.1 Algemeen onderzoek............................................................................................................ 69
6.3.2 Specifieker onderzoek .......................................................................................................... 71
6.3.3 Andere technieken en hulpmiddelen ................................................................................... 73
6.4 Motivatie om brand te stichten .................................................................................................. 75
6.5 Aanwijzingen voor brandstichting: knipperlichten ..................................................................... 75
6.6 Mogelijke accidentele brandoorzaken ........................................................................................ 79
H7 – GSR & brandversnellers ...................................................................................................... 82
7.1 Gun Shot Residues (GSR) ............................................................................................................. 82
7.1.1 Inleiding ................................................................................................................................ 82
7.1.2 Analyse ................................................................................................................................. 84
7.1.3 Praktijkgeval: tweevoudige moord ...................................................................................... 85
7.2 Opsporing van brandversnellers ................................................................................................. 86
7.2.1 Inleiding ................................................................................................................................ 86
7.2.2 Analyse ................................................................................................................................. 87
7.2.3 Praktijkgeval ......................................................................................................................... 91
H8 – Isotopenonderzoek: isotopengeochemie in forensisch onderzoek ........................................ 92
8.1 Isotopen....................................................................................................................................... 92
8.2 Radiogene isotopen ..................................................................................................................... 93
8.3 Archeologische en forensische toepassing ................................................................................. 95
8.4 Archeologie.................................................................................................................................. 96
8.4.1 Casus..................................................................................................................................... 96
8.4.2 Globalisering ......................................................................................................................... 97
H9 – Panel met parket, onderzoeksrechter en advocaat .............................................................. 99
9.1 Wat is de voornaamste rol van de onderzoeksrechter, advocaat en parket en hoe verhoudt die
zich naar elkaar? ................................................................................................................................ 99
9.2 Wat doet mensen de stap zetten om van advocatuur naar magistratuur te gaan? ................. 100
9.3 Poll Everywhere ......................................................................................................................... 101
9.4 Samenwerking ........................................................................................................................... 102
9.5 Moreel dilemma ........................................................................................................................ 102
9.6 Twitter en sociale media ........................................................................................................... 103
9.7 Bewijs in strafzaken ................................................................................................................... 104
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