Contact, droplet, and airborne precautions(solutions pack).

Contact, droplet, and airborne precautions(solutions pack).Contact precautions are used when: - ANSWERPatients who have an infection that can be spread by contact with the person's skin, mucous membranes, feces, vomit, urine, wound drainage, or other body fluids, or by contact with equipment or environmental surfaces that may be contaminated by patient/resident or by his/her secretions and excretions. Infections/conditions that require contact precautions: - ANSWERSalmonella, scabies, shigella, and pressure ulcers. In addition to standard precautions, nurses should also take these actions: - ANSWER---Wear a gown and gloves upon room entry of patient on contact precautions. ---Use disposable/ resident dedicated noncritical care equipment. (BP cuffs, Stethoscopes.) When are "special" contact precautions needed? - ANSWERWhen organisms likely to have spores ( like Clostridium difficile) and some diseases ongoing transmission ( like Norovirus) In addition, perform hand hygiene with soap and water and consider hypochlorite solution( bleach for environmental cleaning) Droplet Precautions are used when: - ANSWERPatients have an infection that can be spread through close respiratory or mucous membrane contact with respiratory secretions. Infections/conditions that require Droplet precautions: - ANSWERInfluenza, N Meningitidis( one of the causes of meningitis), pertussis( whooping cough), and rhinovirus ( common cold). In addition to standard precautions, use these as well on patient needing droplet precautions. - ANSWER-Wear a mask upon room entry of a patient on droplet precautions. - A single patient room is preferred. If not available, spatial separations of more than 3 feet and drawing the curtain between beds is especially important. - When patient is transferred outside of room should wear a mask if tolerated and follow respiratory hygiene. Airborne Precautions are used when: - ANSWERPatient have an infection that can be spread over long distances when suspended in the air. These disease particles are very small and require special respiratory protection and room ventilation. Infections/conditions that require airborne precautions: - ANSWERChickenpox, measles, and tuberculosis. In addition to standard precautions uses these airborne precautions as well: - ANSWER-Wear a mask or respirator prior to room entry, depending on the disease-specific recommendations. ( Most disease will require N95 or higher respiratory protection.)