NSG 533 Module 2 + 3 Exam Questions With All Correct Answers

NSG 533 Module 2 + 3 Exam Questions With All Correct Answers Total amount of sodium in the body - ANSWER Responsible for ECF volume Total amount of water in the body - ANSWER responsible for extracellular sodium concentration ADH secretion - ANSWER initiated by a change in plasma osmolality or decreases circulating blood volume/blood pressure Osmoreceptors - ANSWER changes in plasma osmolality stimulate these in the hypothalamus Serum osmolality is calculated as: - ANSWER 2 x (sodium concentration) + (glucose concentration/18) + (BUN/2.8) osmolality - ANSWER deterred by the total solute concentration in a fluid compartment tonicity - ANSWER ability of the combined effect of all the solutes to generate an osmotic deriving force that causes water movement form one compartment to another effective osmoles - ANSWER solutes capable of changing the tonicity; e.g. sodium, glucose, mannitol and sorbitol ineffective osmoles - ANSWER urea normal body fluid osmolality - ANSWER 280-294 mOsm/kg hypertonic - ANSWER volume depletion or volume excess with increased osmolality Fluid Volume Deficit - ANSWER Hypovolemia, water deprivation - confusion, coma, inability to communicate, loss of thirst, water loss - diarrhea, diabetes insipid, excessive diuresis. Clinical manifestations of hypovolemia - ANSWER dehydration - thirst, headache, dryness of skin, decreased urinary output, elevated temp, weight loss, rapid heard rate, flattened neck veins, weak pulse treatment for hypovolemia - ANSWER give water/stop fluid loss, give slowly, If IV dextrose 5% in water.