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samenvatting - verbintenissenrecht boek 2 AJ 22-23
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BOEK 2VERBINTENISSENRECHT
Academiejaar 2022-2023
,BOEK 2 verbintenissenrecht: “de algemene leer vd verbintenis”
HOOFDSTUK 1: DE MODALITEITEN VAN DE VERBINTENISSEN .............................................................. 4
Afdeling 1: De voorwaardelijke verbintenis....................................................................................... 4
Afdeling 2: De verbintenis met tijdbepaling ...................................................................................... 12
Afdeling 4: De verbintenis met meerdere subjecten ........................................................................ 14
1. Beginsel vd verdeling ................................................................................................................ 14
1) begrip pluraliteit vd subjecten .............................................................................................. 14
2) regel en uitzonderingen ........................................................................................................ 15
2. Passieve hoofdelijkheid (PH) .................................................................................................... 16
1) tekening ................................................................................................................................. 16
2) definitie en bronnen .............................................................................................................. 19
3) hoofd- en bijkomende gevolgen ............................................................................................ 19
4) hoofdgevolgen & excepties ................................................................................................... 20
5) bijkomende gevolgen ............................................................................................................ 22
6) gevolgen tss medeSAs onderling (=contributio/bijdrage) ..................................................... 22
3. passieve ondeelbaarheid (PO).................................................................................................. 23
1) definitie en bronnen .............................................................................................................. 23
2) gevolgen ................................................................................................................................ 23
4. Verbintenis in solidum ............................................................................................................... 24
1) situering................................................................................................................................. 24
2) definitie ................................................................................................................................. 25
HOOFDSTUK 2: OVERDRACHT VAN VERBINTENISSEN EN VAN CONTRACTEN .................................... 26
Afdeling 1: begripsbepaling ............................................................................................................... 26
1) begrip “overdracht” van een ‘verbintenis’? .............................................................................. 26
Afdeling 2: Overdracht van schuldvordering of cessie ...................................................................... 27
1) begrip ........................................................................................................................................ 27
2) Totstandkoming ......................................................................................................................... 28
3) Tegenwerpelijkheid aan derden ................................................................................................ 29
4) Gevolgen voor partijen bij cessie: voor de SA ........................................................................... 30
5) Gevolgen voor partijen bij cessie: voor de SE ........................................................................... 30
Afdeling 3: Schuldoverdracht (SO)..................................................................................................... 31
1) begrip ........................................................................................................................................ 31
1. Volkomen schuldoverdracht ...................................................................................................... 31
2. Onvolkomen schuldoverdracht: ................................................................................................ 31
- onvolkomen SO.................................................................................................................. 31
- interne SO .......................................................................................................................... 32
1
, 2) verschil met delegatie ............................................................................................................... 32
Afdeling 4: Contractoverdracht ......................................................................................................... 33
1) Begrip ........................................................................................................................................ 33
1) Volkomen contractoverdracht ................................................................................................... 33
2) Onvolkomen contractoverdracht............................................................................................... 33
HOOFDSTUK 3: DE GEWONE GROND VAN UITDOVING VD VERBINTENIS: DE BETALING VD
VERBINTENIS ......................................................................................................................................... 34
Afdeling 1: inleidende begrippen ...................................................................................................... 34
§1: betaling: begrip en soorten ..................................................................................................... 34
§1: betaling: begrip (eenvoudige) betaling.................................................................................... 34
§2: gedwongen betaling/uitvoering .............................................................................................. 35
Afdeling 2: de eenvoudige betaling ................................................................................................... 35
§1: Voorwaarden voor een geldige betaling: samengevat in 4 vragen ......................................... 35
§2: enkele knelpunten vd betaling: schuldeisersverzuim (geen leerstof!) .................................... 36
Afdeling 3: betaling met subrogatie (gaat ze geen casus over vragen) ............................................. 36
§1: Algemene voorwaarden bij conventionele en wettelijke subrogatie ...................................... 38
§2: conventionele subrogatie ........................................................................................................ 38
1) op initiatief van SE (art. 5.218) .............................................................................................. 38
2) op initiatief van SA (art. 5.219) (minder belangrijk) .............................................................. 39
§3: wettelijke subrogatie: art.5.220............................................................................................... 39
§4: gevolgen art. 5.221+ 222 ......................................................................................................... 39
§4: gevolgen bij gedeeltelijke betaling: art. 5.223......................................................................... 39
HOOFDSTUK 4: DE ONGEWONE GRONDEN VAN UITDOVING VD VERBINTENIS: ............................... 40
Inleiding: ............................................................................................................................................ 40
Afdeling 1: Schuldvernieuwing .......................................................................................................... 40
§1: Voorwaarden: .......................................................................................................................... 41
§2: Gevolgen .................................................................................................................................. 42
Afdeling 2: Kwijtschelding van schuld................................................................................................ 42
Afdeling 3: Schuldvergelijking............................................................................................................ 43
§1: WETTELIJK (door wet) art. 5. 255 BW komt zeer veel voor ..................................................... 43
§2: CONVENTIONEEL (door partijen) (niet echt te kennen, staat in wet) ..................................... 45
§3: GERECHTELIJK (door rechter) (niet echte te kennen, staat in wet) ......................................... 45
Afdeling 4: Verval door verdwijning van het voorwerp ..................................................................... 46
Schuldvermenging (GEEN LEERSTOF) ................................................................................................ 46
bevrijdende verjaring (GEEN LEERSTOF) ........................................................................................... 46
HOOFDSTUK 5: gemeen BEWIJSRECHT verbintenissen: ...................................................................... 47
2
, Afdeling 1: Inleiding ........................................................................................................................... 47
Afdeling 2: Voorwerp van het bewijs................................................................................................. 47
Afdeling 3: Bewijslast......................................................................................................................... 47
Afdeling 4: Bewijsstandaard (GEEN LEERSTOF) ................................................................................. 48
Afdeling 5: Bewijsmiddelen ............................................................................................................... 48
1. Bewijs door geschrift – onderhandse akte: ............................................................................... 48
1. Bewijs door geschrift – begin van bewijs door geschrift: .......................................................... 49
2. Getuigenis: ................................................................................................................................. 50
3. Feitelijk vermoeden: .................................................................................................................. 50
4. Bekentenis: ................................................................................................................................ 50
Afdeling 4: Toelaatbaarheid vd bewijsmiddelen ............................................................................... 50
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