Summary
Summary Cold War 1950s
- Course
- Institution
This document covers the start of the Cold War (1950s).
[Show more]
Seller
Follow
surathsanwal
Content preview
Cold War 1950sNSC-68 Report (1952)
➢ It is suggested that the US announce that they will not use atomic weapons other
than in retaliation to prior use of them by the USSR.
➢ But refuse to make this announcement as the US thinks it makes them look weak
and there is a possibility of war with the USSR therefore the US would need them.
Eisenhower
➢ He consolidated the policy of containment.
➢ The United States ratified treaties designed to encircle the Soviet Union and its allies,
including the People’s Republic of China (PRC). For e.g:
○ Central Treaty Organization (CENTO)
○ Southeast Asia Treaty Organization (SEATO)
○ Bilateral defence/security treaties with Japan, South Korea, China, and the
Philippines.
➢ "New Look"
○ Maintaining the vitality of the U.S. economy while still building sufficient
strength to prosecute the Cold War
○ Relying on nuclear weapons to deter Communist aggression
○ Using the CIA to carry out secret or covert actions against governments or
leaders "directly or indirectly responsive to Soviet control”.
○ Strengthening allies and winning the friendship of nonaligned governments.
Brinksmanship and ‘Massive Retaliation’
John Foster Dulles - Eisenhower’s most influential foreign policy adviser and staunch
anti-communist.
Dulles' Speech in 1954
➢ ‘There is no local defense which alone will contain the mighty landpower of the
Communist world.’
➢ ‘A potential aggressor must know that he cannot always prescribe battle conditions
that suit him.’
The Situation by 1957
The US had access to better military bases in Europe and Japan.
1954 US conducts massive “Bravo” test. The US detonates a 17-megaton
hydrogen bomb, “Bravo”, at Bikini Atoll in the Pacific Ocean.
1955 US had the B-52 Stratofortress
1956 USSR responded with Tu-20 Bear
1957 USSR developed ICBMs (2 years earlier than the US)
Sputnik (1957)
Sputnik was the first satellite to orbit the earth successfully.
Oct 1957 - Launched by the USSR.
Raised US concerns that the USSR could launch military weapons from space.
Eisenhower's administration was criticised for having allowed the USSR to leap ahead in the
race.
The benefits of buying summaries with Stuvia:
Guaranteed quality through customer reviews
Stuvia customers have reviewed more than 700,000 summaries. This how you know that you are buying the best documents.
Quick and easy check-out
You can quickly pay through credit card or Stuvia-credit for the summaries. There is no membership needed.
Focus on what matters
Your fellow students write the study notes themselves, which is why the documents are always reliable and up-to-date. This ensures you quickly get to the core!
Frequently asked questions
What do I get when I buy this document?
You get a PDF, available immediately after your purchase. The purchased document is accessible anytime, anywhere and indefinitely through your profile.
Satisfaction guarantee: how does it work?
Our satisfaction guarantee ensures that you always find a study document that suits you well. You fill out a form, and our customer service team takes care of the rest.
Who am I buying these notes from?
Stuvia is a marketplace, so you are not buying this document from us, but from seller surathsanwal. Stuvia facilitates payment to the seller.
Will I be stuck with a subscription?
No, you only buy these notes for $11.22. You're not tied to anything after your purchase.
Can Stuvia be trusted?
4.6 stars on Google & Trustpilot (+1000 reviews)
52355 documents were sold in the last 30 days
Founded in 2010, the go-to place to buy study notes for 14 years now