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2023 Advanced Pharmacology Final
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6521 Advanced Pharmacology Final2022
1. A nurse is caring for an infant after a surgical procedure. After ensuring that the
ordered dose is appropriate for the infant's age and weight, the nurse administers
a narcotic analgesic intravenously. When assessing the infant 15 minutes later,
the nurse notes respirations of 22 breaths/minute and a heart rate of 110
beats/minute. The infant is asleep in the parent's arms and does not awaken
when vital signs are assessed. The nurse understands that these findings are the
result of: - immaturity of the blood-brain barrier in the infant.
2. A child will receive 750 mg of an antibiotic for 10 days. The child attends day
care. The drug may be dosed in several ways and is available in two
concentrations. Which dosing regimen will the nurse discuss with the child's
provider? - 500 mg/5 mL to 375 mg PO twice daily
3. Parents ask the nurse why an over-the-counter cough suppressant with sedative
side effects is not recommended for infants. Which response by the nurse is
correct? - "Infants are more susceptible to central nervous system effects than
are adults."
4. A nurse caring for a 5-year-old child notes that the child has discoloration of
several teeth. When taking a medication history, the nurse will ask about which
group of medications? - Tetracyclines
5. An infant has allergies and often develops a pruritic rash when exposed to
allergens. The infant's parents ask the nurse about using a topical antihistamine.
What should the nurse tell them? - Applying an antihistamine to the skin can
cause toxicity in this age group.
6. An infant is receiving a medication that has a narrow therapeutic range. The
nurse reviews the medication information and learns that the drug is excreted by
the kidneys. When giving the medication, the nurse will assess the infant for: -
signs of drug toxicity.
7. A pediatric nurse is teaching nursing students to calculate medication doses for
children using a formula based on body surface area. Which statement by a
nursing student indicates understanding of the teaching? - "This formula helps
approximate the first dose; other doses should be based on clinical
observations."
8. A pediatric nurse is teaching nursing students about medication administration in
children. Which statement by a student indicates an understanding of the
, teaching? - "Drugs effective in adults may not work in children, even if the dose is
proportional for weight and size."
9. A nurse is teaching nursing students about pediatric medication administration.
What will the nurse include when discussing pediatric drug research? - Studies
showed a significant percentage of unanticipated and potentially lethal side
effects in children.
10. A prescriber has ordered medication for a newborn. The medication is eliminated
primarily by hepatic metabolism. The nurse expects the prescriber to: - order a
dose that is lower than an adult dose.
11. The parents of a child with asthma ask the nurse why their child can not use oral
corticosteroids more often, because they are so effective. The nurse will offer
which information that is true for children? - Chronic steroid use can inhibit
growth.
12. A patient with schizophrenia receives a dose of risperidone [Risperdal Consta]
IM. The nurse teaching this patient about this medication will make which
statement? - "You will need to take an oral antipsychotic drug for 3 weeks."
13. A patient with schizophrenia shows suicidal behaviors, and the provider orders
clozapine [Clozaril]. The nurse teaches the family about the medication and its
side effects. Which statement by a family member indicates a need for further
teaching about this drug? - "If the ANC is less than 3000, the drug will be
discontinued permanently."
14. A patient in whom drug therapy has failed several times in the past is readmitted
to a hospital to begin therapy for schizophrenia. What will the nurse do to help
improve adherence? - Teach the patient about drug side effects and how to
manage them.
15. A nurse provides teaching for a patient about to begin taking an FGA drug for
schizophrenia. Which statement by the patient indicates a need for further
teaching about side effects of these drugs? - "Dry mouth and constipation are
uncommon with this medication."
16. A patient taking an FGA medication develops severe parkinsonism and is treated
with amantadine [Symmetrel]. The amantadine is withdrawn 2 months later, and
the parkinsonism returns. The nurse will expect the provider to: - try a second-
generation antipsychotic (SGA).
17. What are negative symptoms of schizophrenia? Select all that apply. - Poor
judgment
18. Poor self-care
19. Poverty of speech
, 20. A patient is taking an FGA for schizophrenia. The nurse notes that the patient
has trouble speaking and chewing and observes slow, wormlike-movements of
the patient's tongue. The nurse recognizes which adverse effect in this patient? -
Tardive dyskinesia
21. A nurse and a nursing student are discussing the plan of care for a patient with
schizophrenia. The patient, who has been taking a high-potency FGA for 2
months, has become restless and constantly needs to be in motion. Which
statement by the student indicates a need for further education? - "Because this
may be an exacerbation of psychosis, the provider may increase the dose of the
FGA."
22. A patient who is taking a first-generation antipsychotic (FGA) drug for
schizophrenia comes to the clinic for evaluation. The nurse observes that the
patient has a shuffling gait and mild tremors. The nurse will ask the patient's
provider about which course of action? - Giving an anticholinergic medication
23. A patient with schizophrenia has been taking an oral FGA for 1 week. The patient
has been taking the drug daily in two divided doses. The individual complains of
daytime drowsiness. The patient's family reports a decrease in the person's
hostility and anxiety but states that the patient remains antisocial with disordered
thinking. What will the nurse tell the patient and the family? - Some symptoms
take months to improve.
24. A patient with schizophrenia has been taking an antipsychotic drug for several
days. The nurse enters the patient's room to administer a dose of haloperidol
[Haldol] and finds the patient having facial spasms. The patient's head is thrust
back, and the patient is unable to speak. What will the nurse do? - Request an
order to give diphenhydramine.
25. A parent reports being afraid that a child may have schizophrenia because of
disorganized speech and asocial behaviors. The nurse will tell this parent that
which of the following must also be present to make a diagnosis? Select all that
apply. - A decrease in self-care, job, or school function
26. A 1-month duration of active phase symptoms
27. Continuous signs of disturbance for longer than 6 months
28. Which side effects are more common in second-generation antipsychotic
medications than in first-generation antipsychotic medications? Select all that
apply. - Agranulocytosis
29. Anticholinergic effects
30. Metabolism by CYP3A4
31. A nurse in a mental health hospital finds a patient with schizophrenia who takes
haloperidol [Haldol] lying rigid in bed with a temperature of 41.3°C. A cardiac
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