Summary AQA Philosophy YEAR ONE NOTES, epistemology and moral philosophy.

what is propositional knowledge

Antwoord: knowing that

what is acquaintance knowledge

Antwoord: knowing of

what is practical/ability knowledge

Antwoord: knowing how

what is a proposition

Antwoord: a declarative statement.

what are pitfalls to avoid when defining

Antwoord: circularity obscure negative adhoc

How does plato define knowledge in the meno and theaetetus

Antwoord: -compares the stability of knowledge with the flightiness of belief. -our true belief is backed up with reason -this makes our true belief “stick in the mind”i -in the theaetetus , true belief accompanied by rational account is knowledge, or justified true belief.

we have justified true belief if,...

Antwoord: you believe in P your belief in P is justified P is true if all three conditions are satisfied then the agent must have propositional knowledge. All are necessary and sufficient conditions to know that p.

what does the tripartite view try to do

Antwoord: provide a complete analysis of the concept of propositional knowledge.

ISSUES WITH JTB- certainty

Antwoord: a difference between knowledge and belief is certainty. knowledge must be certain

ISSUES WITH JTB- Are all the conditions individually necessary?- BELIEF

Antwoord: one may know how to correctly answer a question in a philosophy paper (having being taught it, but do not remember being taught), therefore we can argue that the agent knew how to answer, without the condition of belief being satisfied.

what is rationalism?

Antwoord: we can acquire some knowledge through intuition and reduction, (just by thinking)

Explain the three waves of doubt?

Antwoord: Before establishing what we know. descartes needs to doubt everything, he does this by stating reasons why we can doubt. illusion. dreaming and cartesian demon/deception.

What are the three synthetic truths that descartes provides in his meditations?

Antwoord: I exist God exists The external world exists

what two ways reject empiricism

Antwoord: rationalism and innatism

what is innatism

Antwoord: we are born with some knowledge already

what are the two types of truth

Antwoord: analytic and synthetic

define analytic truth

Antwoord: true in virtue of the meaning of the words, a tautology, Metaphysically true. and cannot be denied without resulting in logical contradiction

what is a synthetic truth

Antwoord: true in virtue of how the world is.

what is intuition

Antwoord: the ability to know something is true just by thinking about it

what is deduction

Antwoord: a method of deriving true propositions from other true propositions. using reason