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Summary A level AQA Psychology Schizophrenia Notes
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All A level AQA Psychology Schizophrenia Notes, one of the Paper 3 Optatives.
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Schizophrenia 1Study online at https://quizlet.com/_d05ly4
1. What are 5 1. Schizophrenia is a rare condition, it occurs in less than
facts about schiz- 1% of the population.
ophrenia? 2. Schizophrenia is a late onset disorder, men typically
develop schizophrenia in their mid 20s and women typically
develop it in their early 30s.
3. It is as common in men as it is in women
4. Some schizophrnics can completely recover from the
disorder, but this is rare.
5. Most people need ongoing drug treatment (live in an
institution) to allow them to live independently
2. What are the two Positive symptoms: behaviours which are additional to
types of Schiz- what a normal person might have. For example, delusions
ophrenic symp- (blieve), hallucinations (3 senses) and a thought disorder.
toms? Define Negative symptoms: behaviours which are missing com-
them and give pared to what a normal person might have. For example,
3 examples of avolition (loss of energy and perseverance), neglecting
each. personal hygiene and disorganized thinking.
3. What is symptom Sympton overlap is when two or more disorders share
overlap? some of the symptoms needed for classification. eg: De-
pression, bipolar disorder and OCD have similar symptoms
to S.
4. What are the 1. DSM V classification system, used in America
two classifica- 2. ICD 10 classification system, used in Europe
tion systems
for Schizophre-
nia and where is
each used?
5. What 3 criterias 1. Characteristic symptoms: 3 or the following for at least
does the DSM V 1 month: Delusions, Hallucinations, Disorganised speech,
say must be met Highly disorganised behaviour (catatonic) and other nega-
to be diagnosed tive symptoms like avolition.
with Schizophre- 2. Poor life skills (relationships, employment) for at least 6
nia? How long months.
does it take to be 3. Continious mental and behavioural disturbance for at
least 6 months.
1/3
, Schizophrenia 1
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_d05ly4
diagnosed in the
US? Therefore, it takes 6 months in the US to be diagnosed with
S.
6. What 2 criterias 1. One month with very clear positive symptoms like
does the ICD 10 thought disturbances, hallucinations & delusions.
say must be met 2. And/or one month with at least 2 clear symptoms like
to be diagnosed hallucinations, interruptions in train of thought and other
with Schizophre- negative symptoms.
nia? How long
does it take to be Therefore, it takes 1 month in Europe to be diagnosed with
diagnosed in Eu- S.
rope?
7. What is is Both diagnose S and include positive and negative symp-
one similarity toms, but time, DSM includes more symptoms, used in
and one dif- different places... (in exam use "whereas")
fernece between
the DSM V and
ICD-10 classifica-
tion systems?
8. What are 3 evalu- 1. Co-morbidity = 2 or more conditions occur together: this
ations of the clas- often occurs with S (eg: depression, OCD, bipolar disorder)
sification sys- which challenges the validity of their diagnosis as it might
tems and S diag- not be S, so we can't tell the difference & may provide
nosis? incorrect treatments. Some psychologists concluded that
around 50% of patients with a diagnosis of S. also have
a diagnosis of depression and 47% of S. also have sub-
stance abuse.
2. Culture bias: African Americans & English people of
Afro-Caribbean origin are several times more likely to be
diagnosed with S. as positive symptoms like hallucinations
may be acceptable in African cultures (so they are more
ready to acknowledge such experiences than white peo-
ple). Some psychologists demonstrated that white psychi-
atrists tend to over-interpret sympyoms and distrust the
honesty of black people during diagnosis, which decreases
2/3
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