Winningham’s Critical Thinking Cases in Nursing Medical -Surgical Pediatric Maternity and Psychiatric 5th Edition Solution Manual AA Alcoholics Anonymous bid twice daily AAA abdominal aortic aneurysm BiPAP CPAP with mask over both ABCs airway, breathing, circulation(s) mouth and nose ABGs arterial blood gases BM bowel movement ABI ankle -brachial index BMI body mass index A/C assist -controlled BMP basic metabolic panel ac before meals BNP brain natriuretic peptide ACE angiotensin -converting BOW bag of waters enzyme BP blood pressure AD autonomic dysreflexia bpm beats per minute ADL activities of daily living BR bed rest ad lib as directed BRP bathroom privileges A-fib atrial fibrillation BS bowel sounds; breath sounds AIDS acquired immunodeficiency BSC bedside commode syndrome BSE breast self-examination AKA above -the-knee amputation BSF basilar skull fracture ALS amyotrophic lateral sclerosis BUN blood urea nitrogen ALT (SGPT) alanine transaminase (formerly CABG coronary artery bypass graft serum glutamic pyruvic CAD coronary artery disease transaminase) C&DB cough and deep breathe ALP alkaline phosphatase Ca Calcium aM morning CAP community -acquired AMA against medical advice pneumonia ANA antinuclear antibody CBC complete blood count ANC (AGC) absolute neutrophil count CBC with complete blood count with Anti -Sm anti-smooth muscle antibody diff differential aPTT activated partial C/C chief complaint thromboplastin time CCU coronary care unit ARB angiotensin II receptor blocker CDC Centers for Disease Control ARDS adult respiratory distress and Prevention syndrome CDE certified diabetes educator ARF acute respiratory failure CEA carcinoembryonic antigen ART antiretroviral therapy CF cystic fibrosis ASA aspirin CHO carbohydrate(s) AST (SGOT) aspartate transaminase Chol cholesterol (formerly serum glutamic CI cardiac index oxaloacetic transaminase) CK (CPK) creatinine phosphokinase ATB antibiotic CK-MM, CK isoenzymes AV atrioventricular; arteriovenous CK-MB 664 Cl Chloride DVT deep vein thrombosis CMP complete metabolic panel Dx diagnosis (profile) EBL estimated blood loss CMV cytomegalovirus EC emergency contraception CNS central nervous system ECF extended care facility CO cardiac output; carbon ECG electrocardiogram monoxide echo echocardiogram; cardiac C/O complaint(s) of, complaining of ultrasound (sonogram) CO2 carbon dioxide E. coli Escherichia coli COPD chronic obstructive pulmonary ECT electroconvulsive therapy disease ED emergency department; erectile CP cerebral palsy dysfunction CPAP continuous positive airway EDC estimated date of confinement pressure EEG electroencephalogram CPP cerebral perfusion pressure EF ejection fraction CPR cardiopulmonary resuscitation EMG electromyogram CRF chronic renal failure EMS emergency medical system CRP C-reactive protein EMT emergency medical technician C&S culture and sensitivity ENT ear, nose, and throat CSF cerebrospinal fluid EOMs extraocular movements CT chest tube ER estrogen receptor CT scan computed tomography scan ERCP endoscopic retrograde CV cardiovascular cholangiopancreatogram CVA cerebrovascular accident; ESR erythrocyte sedimentation rate costovertebral angle ET enterostomal therapist; CVC central venous catheter eustachian tube CVP central venous pressure ETOH alcohol CWOCN certified wound, ostomy, ETT endotracheal tube continence nurse EVD extraventricular drain CXR chest x-ray FBG fasting blood glucose DC; D/C discontinue FDA U.S. Food and Drug DD down drain Administration DEXA scan duel -energy x-ray FFP fresh frozen plasma absorptiometry FHR fetal heart rate DIC disseminated intravascular coagulation Fio2 FOC fraction of inspired oxygen frontal occipital circumference DKA diabetic ketoacidosis Fr French DM diabetes mellitus FSH follicle -stimulating hormone DME durable medical equipment ft feet DNA deoxyribonucleic acid F/U follow -up DOB date of birth FUO fever of unknown origin DOE dyspnea on exertion GBS Guillain -Barré syndrome DPT diphtheria, pertussis, GCS Glasgow Coma Scale tetanus GDM gestational diabetes mellitus DRE digital rectal examination GERD gastroesophageal reflux disease DSA digital subtraction angiography GFR glomerular filtration rate DSM -IV-TR Diagnostic and Statistical GGT gamma -glutamyl transferase Manual of Mental Disorders (transpeptidase) DTs delirium tremens GI gastrointestinal DTRs deep tendon reflexes gtt drop 665 GU genitourinary JVD jugular venous distention HbA1C hemoglobin A1C; glycosylated K potassium hemoglobin test KCl potassium chloride hCG human chorionic gonadotropin KUB kidney, ureters, and bladder HCl hydrochloric acid x-ray HCO3 bicarbonate ion KVO keep vein open Hct hematocrit L left; liter HCTZ hydrochlorothiazide lab(s) laboratory; laboratory tests HCV hepatitis C virus LAD left anterior descending HD hemodialysis coronary artery HDL high -density lipoprotein lb pound(s) HEENT head, eyes, ears, nose, throat LBBB left bundle branch block HF heart failure LDH lactic (lactate) dehydrogenase Hgb hemoglobin LDL low-density lipoprotein H/H hemoglobin/hematocrit LFTs liver function tests HHN hand -held nebulizer LLL left lower lobe (of lungs) HIPAA Health Insurance Portability LLQ left lower quadrant (of and Accountability Act abdomen) HIV human immunodeficiency LMP last menstrual period virus LOC level of consciousness HLA human leukocyte antigen LPN licensed practical nurse HMO health maintenance LR lactated Ringer's or Ringer's organization lactate HOB head of bed LTBI latent tuberculosis infection HPV human papillomavirus LUQ left upper quadrant (of hsCRP highly sensitive C-reactive abdomen) protein LV left ventricle HTN hypertension LWS low wall suction IADL instrumental activities of daily MAOI monoamine oxidase inhibitor living MD doctor of medicine IBD inflammatory bowel disease MDI multiple -dose injection; IBS irritable bowel syndrome metered -dose inhaler ICD; AICD implantable cardioverter meds medications defibrillator; automatic ICD mg milligram ICP intracranial pressure MG myasthenia gravis ICU intensive care unit MI myocardial infarction IICP increased intracranial pressure MICU medical intensive care unit IM intramuscular mL milliliter in inch(es) MNT medical nutrition therapy INR International Normalized Ratio MRI magnetic resonance imaging I&O intake and output MS multiple sclerosis IS incentive spirometer MUGA multiple gated acquisition IT intrathecal MVP mitral valve prolapse IUD intrauterine device Na sodium IV intravenous NAP unlicensed nursing assistive IVF intravenous fluid personnel IVP intravenous push; intravenous NC nasal cannula pyelogram NG nasogastric IVPB intravenous piggyback NGT nasogastric tube JP Jackson -Pratt NH3 ammonia 666 NICU neonatal intensive care unit; PEFR peak expiratory flow rate neurological intensive care unit PEG percutaneous endoscopic NKA no known allergies gastrostomy tube NKDA no known drug allergies PEJ percutaneous endoscopic NPH neutral protamine Hagedorn (a jejunostomy tube modified insulin) peri perineal (related to perineum) NPO nothing by mouth PERRL(A) pupils equal, round, and reactive NS normal saline to light (accommodation) NSAIDs nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory PET positron emission tomography drugs PFM peak flow meter NTG nitroglycerin PFT pulmonary function test N/V nausea and vomiting pH negative logarithm of the O2 OB oxygen obstetric hydrogen ion concentration — acidity/basicity of the blood OB/GYN obstetrician/gynecologist PICC peripherally inserted central OM otitis media catheter OR operating room PICU pediatric intensive care unit ORIF open reduction internal fixation PIH pregnancy -induced OSA obstructive sleep apnea hypertension OT; OTR occupational therapist PKU phenylketonuria (therapy); registered pM afternoon or evening occupational therapist PMH past medical history OTC over the counter PMI point of maximal impulse P pulse PO by mouth PA physician's assistant POD postoperative day PACs premature atrial contractions postop postoperatively Paco2 partial pressure of carbon dioxide in arterial blood PPD purified protein derivative (test for TB); packs per day PACU post -anesthesia care unit (cigarettes) Pao2 partial pressure of oxygen in arterial blood PRBCs preop packed red blood cells preoperatively PAF paroxysmal atrial fibrillation prn as needed Pap Papanicolaou smear PSA prostate -specific antigen PAP pulmonary artery pressure PT; RPT physical therapist (therapy); PCA patient -controlled analgesia registered physical therapist PCI percutaneous coronary PT or PT/INR prothrombin time, intervention prothrombin time/ PCP primary care provider; International Normalized Ratio Pneumocystis jiroveci (formerly PTCA percutaneous transluminal carinii ) pneumonia coronary angioplasty PCTA percutaneous coronary PTSD posttraumatic stress disorder angioplasty PTT; aPTT partial thromboplastin PCWP pulmonary capillary wedge time; activated partial pressure thromboplastin time PD Parkinson's disease PUD peptic ulcer disease PE pulmonary embolus PVCs premature ventricular (embolism) contractions PEEP positive end-expiratory PVD peripheral vascular disease pressure PVR postvoiding residual PEF peak expiratory flow q every (e.g., q2h)
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