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Criminal Law:Non-Fatal Offences Exam Technique $3.91
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Criminal Law:Non-Fatal Offences Exam Technique

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All of my law documents uploaded follow the AQA specification and are of A/A* quality. This document sets out the exam technique of how to write an answer for each of the non-fatal offences. The exam technique I follow is IDEA (Identify the relevant issue, Define the relevant issue, Explain the law...

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  • June 21, 2023
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  • 2021/2022
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Non-Fatal Offences Exam Technique


Assault (IDEA Structure):


I The relevant issue is assault.

D Assault is intentionally or recklessly causing the victim to apprehend
immediate unlawful violence as stated in Fagan v MPC 1969.

E The actus reus of assault is causing the victim to apprehend
immediate unlawful violence. DPP v Logdon 1976 puts emphasis on
the victim apprehending the violence.

E [ Smith v Chief Superintendent of Woking Police Station 1983 states
[Additional that fear of what the defendant might do next is sufficient for the
Legal Issues] actus reus of assault.]


[Tuberville v Savage 1669 states words can negate an assault.]


[R v Ireland 1997 states you only need to prove the defendant’s
actions led to the consequences.]


[R v Burstow 1997 states even silent telephone calls and letters can
amount to an assault.]

A In this case… (Apply to case).

E The mens rea of assault is intentionally or recklessly. R v Savage 1991
states that we do not need to foresee any harm.


Choose One:
> Direct intent is a decision to bring about the prohibited
consequence as stated in R v Mohan 1976.


> Oblique intent is tested using the visual certainty test, was the
consequence a visual certainty? And did the defendant realise the
consequence was a virtual certainty? As stated in R v Woollin 1998.


> Recklessness is where the defendant realises the risk but takes
that risk anyway as stated in R v Cunningham.

A In this case… (Apply to case).

C Overall… (Criminally liable or not criminally liable for assault).

, Non-Fatal Offences Exam Technique


Battery (IDEA Structure):


I The relevant issue is battery.

D Battery is intentionally or recklessly applying unlawful violence on
another as stated in R v Ireland;Burstow 1997.

E The actus reus of battery is applying unlawful violence on another.
Collins v Wilcock 1984 states that any touching may be battery.

E [R v Thomas 1985 states that touching a person's clothes can amount
[Additional to battery].
Legal Issues]
[DPP v K 1990 states that an indirect act can be the actus reus of
battery].

A In this case… (Apply to case).

E The mens rea of battery is intentionally or recklessly. R v Venna 1976
confirms that recklessness is sufficient for the mens rea of battery.

Choose One:
> Direct intent is a decision to bring about the prohibited
consequence as stated in R v Mohan 1976.


> Oblique intent is tested using the visual certainty test, was the
consequence a visual certainty? And did the defendant realise the
consequence was a virtual certainty? As stated in R v Woollin 1998.


> Recklessness is where the defendant realises the risk but takes
that risk anyway as stated in R v Cunningham.

A In this case… (Apply to case).

C Overall… (Criminally liable or not criminally liable for battery).

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