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Health The Basics 12th Edition By Rebecca Donatelle (Test Bank)
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(Health The Basics, 12e Rebecca Donatelle)(Test Bank, Answer at the end of each Chapter)
Chapter 1
MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question.
1) Emotional health can best be described as being able to 1)
A) think clearly, without emotional influence.
B) maintain satisfying interpersonal relationships.
C) feel and express emotions appropriately.
D) adapt to various social situations.
2) Manuela joined a group exercise class. Her instructor, who was formerly inactive and overweight, 2)
participates with the class and also shares personal fitness strategies. In class, Manuela tries to
emulate her instructor's moves, and she has also become more physically active as part of her daily
routine. Which technique is Manuela using to reach her goal of becoming more fit?
A) modeling B) shaping C) reinforcement D) visualization
3) Young adults (ages 15-24) are most likely to die from 3)
A) accidents. B) homicide. C) cancer. D) heart disease.
4) Life expectancy in the early 1900s was largely determined by a person's 4)
A) susceptibility to infectious disease. B) occupation and location.
C) family history. D) hygiene habits.
5) The ever-changing process of achieving individual potential in the physical, social, emotional, 5)
intellectual, spiritual, and environmental dimensions is the definition of
A) fitness. B) health. C) recovery. D) satisfaction.
6) The model of health that is concerned with curing disease affecting a particular tissue or organ is 6)
the
A) surgical model. B) holistic model.
C) public health model. D) medical model.
7) The contemporary definition of wellness is 7)
A) the absence of ongoing symptoms or chronic disease.
B) the achievement of the highest level of health possible in each of several dimensions.
C) the ability to move about freely without pain.
D) living longer than one's parents.
8) Because it increases one's susceptibility to negative health outcomes, alcohol abuse is an example of 8)
which type of behavior?
A) influential B) risk C) predetermined D) reinforcing
9) Missy is motivated to lose weight. She has begun taking a 30-minute walk every morning, has 9)
worked with a nutrition counselor to design a new diet, and on Monday will begin following new
eating plan. According to the transtheoretical model of behavior change, Missy is in a stage of
A) maintenance. B) contemplation.
C) precontemplation. D) action.
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,10) Gavin downloads a new workout song every time he completes his week's exercise goal. This 10)
action is an example of
A) an intrinsic reward. B) countering.
C) shaping. D) positive reinforcement.
11) Differences in cancer mortality among specific populations are an example of 11)
A) health disparities. B) risk behaviors.
C) biological determinants. D) medical malpractice.
12) Brenda is going on a ski trip over spring break and has 12 weeks to get in shape. She purchased an 12)
elliptical trainer and started working out on it for 10 minutes each day. Each week, she will
increase her workout by 10 minutes until she can exercise for one hour. If she finds that is too
rigorous, she will only add 5 minutes to her workout each week. Which of the following
behavior-change techniques is Brenda using to get in shape for her trip?
A) modeling B) shaping C) self-talk D) visualization
13) Observing a friend's successful attempt to quit smoking and trying some of the same tactics to quit 13)
yourself is an example of
A) modeling. B) envy. C) conforming. D) shaping.
14) Jason is frustrated because he has three projects due at the same time next week and he doesn't 14)
believe it's possible to get all three finished. His solution is to forget about the projects and meet up
with friends for a night out. Jason has
A) self-confidence. B) an internal locus of control.
C) an external locus of control. D) self-efficacy.
15) Katherine is an energetic, confident student who is not afraid to stand up in front of the class and 15)
read her essay aloud. She trusts that even if others don't agree with her point of view, they will still
value her as a person and a friend. These traits best demonstrate Katherine's positive
A) social health. B) physical health.
C) emotional health. D) intellectual health.
16) All of the following are basic mindfulness skills EXCEPT 16)
A) cultivating compassion for a friend with financial problems.
B) tuning out a noisy student in the library.
C) acknowledging your disappointment at a poor grade.
D) acknowledging that you are not perfect.
17) Which of the following contributed to increased life expectancy in the early twentieth century? 17)
A) vaccinations and antibiotics B) advances in genetic testing
C) more doctors in metropolitan areas D) advances in heart and brain surgery
18) According to the transtheoretical model, a person in the precontemplation stage 18)
A) is aware of the problem and is already taking action to implement change.
B) is aware of the problem and is making preparations for change.
C) has no current intention to change or believes there is no need to change.
D) is aware of the problem but is greatly afraid of change.
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,19) An adolescent smoker might think lung cancer happens only to old people. This is an example of 19)
which factor of the health belief model?
A) perceived susceptibility B) perceived barriers
C) perceived benefits D) perceived seriousness
20) Which of the following statements about mindfulness is true? 20)
A) Research linking mindfulness to improved health is inconclusive.
B) The practice of mindfulness emerged in the United States in the 1970s.
C) Mindfulness is a religious practice in which the individual contemplates the divine.
D) An essential component of mindfulness is awareness of oneself and one's environment.
21) Having unprotected sex is considered a 21)
A) risk behavior. B) health promotion.
C) medical treatment. D) health disparities.
22) Which type of costs are related to higher insurance premiums and increased disability payments 22)
due to obesity-related health conditions?
A) Medicaid costs B) indirect medical costs
C) Medicare costs D) direct medical costs
23) Once you have identified a target behavior that needs to change, your next step is to 23)
A) see a counselor to help you work out a plan.
B) consider the possible negative outcomes before proceeding.
C) learn more about the behavior, its effects, and possible obstacles.
D) commit to changing all negative behaviors at the same time.
24) An appraisal of the relationship between an object, action, or idea and some attribute related to it is 24)
a(n)
A) analysis. B) belief. C) motivation. D) attitude.
25) Which of the following were cited by college students in a national survey as major impediments to 25)
performing well academically?
A) substance abuse B) repeated strep infections
C) stress, anxiety, and sleep difficulties D) carrying a too-heavy course load
26) Judy is confident in her ability to meet her weight-loss goal. When she notices herself overeating, 26)
she makes a plan and takes action to get her diet back on track. Judy
A) relies on social support. B) has self-control.
C) is in a state of readiness to change. D) exhibits self-efficacy.
27) Mindy wants to lose weight. The fact that her parents engage in regular exercise is a(n) 27)
A) predisposing factor. B) motivational factor.
C) enabling factor. D) reinforcing factor.
28) The thought, "I don't have enough time!" is an example of 28)
A) shaping. B) enabling. C) self-talk. D) punishment.
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, 29) Jim was successful at meeting his exercise goal and rewarded himself by taking a three-day 29)
vacation at a golf resort. This is an example of a
A) manipulative behavior. B) reinforcing behavior.
C) negative behavior. D) covert behavior.
30) Studies associate mindfulness with 30)
A) improvements in memory. B) social isolation.
C) increased religious belief. D) increased blood pressure.
31) A disease that begins slowly, progresses over a period of time, and may resist treatment is a(n) 31)
A) chronic disease. B) hereditary disease.
C) acute disease. D) behavioral disease.
32) A trait or behavior that a person can actively control, such as eating habits, is a(n) 32)
A) modifiable determinant. B) environmental influence.
C) social determinant. D) biological determinant.
33) Overall, the leading cause of death for Americans is 33)
A) respiratory disease. B) heart disease.
C) accidents. D) cancer.
34) Mrs. J. is trying to get her third-grade students to remember to have their homework signed by a 34)
parent before bringing it to class. Students who remember every day for a month receive a gift card
from a local bookstore. This is an example of a(n)
A) manipulative reinforcer. B) possessional reinforcer.
C) activity reinforcer. D) consumable reinforcer.
35) Beth works part-time as a waitress and receives no health insurance benefits from her employer. 35)
She purchased insurance under the Affordable Care Act, but the policy has a $5,000 annual
deductible. Beth
A) is overinsured. B) has equitable access to health services.
C) is likely to delay care that she needs. D) is uninsured.
36) Which health model views treating disease through medications and surgery as the surest way to 36)
improve health?
A) social model B) medical model
C) public health model D) environmental model
37) A person's bone structure is an example of a(n) 37)
A) nonmodifiable determinant. B) behavioral choice.
C) epigenetic factor. D) environmental influence.
38) Jill has many friends, is respected by her coworkers, and maintains a great relationship with her 38)
boyfriend. Her ability to interact with others is an example of which dimension of health?
A) emotional B) physical C) social D) intellectual
39) The science that views negative health events as resulting from individuals' interactions with their 39)
physical or social environment is
A) disease prevention. B) public health.
C) medicine. D) immunology.
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