Explain how China’s emergence as a superpower has led to increased geopolitical tensions
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Course
Unit 4 - Human Systems and Geopolitics
Institution
PEARSON (PEARSON)
An 8 mark Geography Question explaining how China's emergence as a superpower has led to increased geopolitical tensions. These range from the South China Sea and territorial disputes with Vietnam, economic expansions such as the Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) and China Pakistan Economic Corridor (...
Explain how China’s emergence as a superpower has led to increased geopolitical tensions.
Firstly, China's territorial disputes in the South China Sea have escalated tensions with
neighboring countries and beyond. China claims almost the entire South China Sea as its
territory, overlapping with claims from other countries such as Vietnam, the Philippines,
Malaysia, and Brunei. This has resulted in conflicting territorial claims, naval confrontations,
and increased militarization in the region. The construction of artificial islands and
deployment of military assets by China have raised concerns among other regional powers
and the international community, leading to heightened geopolitical tensions.
Secondly, China's economic influence and expansion into different regions have caused
geopolitical tensions with major global powers. The Belt and Road Initiative (BRI), a massive
infrastructure project aiming to connect Asia, Europe, and Africa, has drawn both praise and
criticism. While some countries view it as an opportunity for economic development and
connectivity, others see it as a strategic move by China to expand its geopolitical influence.
For example, China's investments in Pakistan through the China-Pakistan Economic
Corridor (CPEC) have raised concerns in neighboring India due to its implications for
regional power dynamics. The increasing economic footprint of China has led to geopolitical
rivalries and competing interests among major powers, leading to heightened tensions.
Lastly, China's assertive foreign policy and influence operations have fueled geopolitical
tensions with democratic countries. China's growing influence extends to areas such as
technology, trade, and diplomacy, which have geopolitical implications. The Chinese
government's use of economic coercion, intellectual property theft, and cyber espionage has
sparked concerns and pushback from countries like the United States, Australia, and the
European Union. These tensions have spilled over into trade disputes, technological
rivalries, and diplomatic confrontations. For instance, the ongoing trade war between China
and the United States, characterised by tariffs and restrictions on various goods, exemplifies
the geopolitical tensions arising from China's emergence as a superpower.
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