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Técnicas de identificación de microorganismos
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Apuntes sobre las distintas técnicas de identificación de microorganismos.
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M5UF1 MicrobiologiaTEMA 5: TÈCNIQUES D'IDENTIFICACIÓ BACTERIANA
I ANTIBIOGRAMES
IDENTIFICACIÓ BASADA EN LA RESPIRACIÓ CEL·LULAR
Catalasa:
- Catalasa separa H2O2 = O2 + H2O.
- En resultats catalasa + apareixen bombolles.
- A partir d’un inocul líquid posem una gota a un portaobjectes + H2O2.
Oxidasa:
- Oxidasa en presència O2 oxida fenilendiamina formant indofenol.
- Reacció triga 10 – 30 segons.
- Paper té zona reactiva on posem la colònia procedent d’un cultiu fresc (18h – 24h).
IDENTIFICACIÓ BASADA EN VIES METABÒLIQUES
Oxido – fermentació:
- Oxida sucre = Aerobi (metabolitza sucre).
- En oxidació acostuma a quedar un ‘’mix’’ de color groc i
vermell.
- Fermenta sucre = Anaerobi (metabolitza sucre):
o Un dels tubs porta substàncies molt denses a superfície × no deixar entrar O2.
- En fermentació acostuma a quedar completament groc o vermell + capa superior.
1
, M5UF1 Microbiologia
β – galactosidasa:
- β-galactosidasa hidrolitza substrat ONPG × formar
ortonitrofenol (groc).
- Positiu = groc/Negatiu = incolor.
Voges Proskauer/Roig de metil:
- Positiu = Vermell/Negatiu = Groc.
Fermentació de sucres:
- Utilitza campana × veure formació gas.
- Positiu = groc/Negatiu = violeta (no canvi color).
Agar ferro:
- Si fermenta galactosa normalment també fermenta glucosa
(pq és més important).
- Quan lisina (lys) es desamina produeix base (color vermellós).
Triple sugar iron:
Citrat:
2
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