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Developmental neuropsychology English Summary colleges/lectures
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Samenvatting boek Developmental Neuropsychology Anderson
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Anderson: Developmental Neuropsychology - A clinical approach
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Developmental neuropsychologyCollege 1
Deel 1 – Defining the field
Relation brain and behaviour, patients.
Developmental: detected early in childhood, require early intervention to minimize associated
deficits and protect development of unaffected functions.
Developmental disorders differ from acquired disorders.
Acquired: different causes and different consequences for recovery; children's brains are developing
rapidly.
→ Greater plasticity – Kennard principle.
→ Greater vulnerability.
Interventions: leken denken dat je een probleem hebt en dat die na therapie weg is, maar therapie
voorkomt vooral verdere problemen.
Kennard principle: when it is your fate to have a brain disorder, it is better to have it as early as
possible. No longer valid (in most cases). Greater plasticity is not the principle to use.
Diagnosis is different for children than for adults. A child's behavioural repertoire changes
continuously, making it difficult to determine when a process is dysfunctional.
Behaviour considered normal at one age is considered deviant at a different age. Baby's
kunnen bijvoorbeeld drinken en ademen tegelijk.
The same observable behaviour can be mediated by different underlying mechanisms at
different ages, disorders are not immediately apparent.
Not all behaviours are sufficiently well-developed to be directly measurable at all ages.
Testen voor volwassenen zijn genormeerd, ze kunnen vergeleken worden. Bij kinderen is dit
niet het geval.
18-65 jaar kan met elkaar vergeleken worden. Kinderen van 2 jaar hebben een ander brein
dan kinderen van 3 jaar. Het brein (frontal lobes) ontwikkelt zich nog.
Het is geen lineaire verandering, soms ook kwantitatieve verschillen. Goede kruipers
worden niet perse goede lopers en slechte kruipers niet perse slechte lopers. Het gaat bij
kruipen en lopen om een kwantitatief verschil. Het geheugen wordt ook niet perse beter;
bijvoorbeeld memory spelen met een vijfjarige, je verliest.
Prognosis is quite complicated, niet duidelijk wat de toekomst brengt.
Prognosis for long-term development are less clear for neurological or anatomical reasons:
Positive consequences of plasticity.
Negative consequences of plasticity: crowding.
Greater vulnerability.
Prognosis for long-term development are less clear for functional or behavioural reasons:
Positive: behavioural compensation.
Negative: growing into deficit.
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