Unit 2G.1 - The rise and fall of fascism in Italy, c1911-46
Other
Theme 3 Italy: The fascist state, 1925-40
17 views 1 purchase
Course
Unit 2G.1 - The rise and fall of fascism in Italy, c1911-46
Institution
PEARSON (PEARSON)
This document includes revision notes regarding Theme 3 of the rise and fall of fascism module for History A Level. The well-organised notes include information about the fascist state under Benito Mussolini in Italy throughout 1925-40, from a consistent grade A student. The concise notes can be us...
Unit 2G.1 - The rise and fall of fascism in Italy, c1911-46
All documents for this subject (46)
Seller
Follow
serenasandhu
Content preview
HOW SUCCESSFUL WERE MUSSOLINI’S ATTEMPTS TO CONTROL ITALIAN POPULATION?
INDOCTRINATION OF EDUCATION + YOUTH
*Focus on youth to create loyal generation of Italian fascists*
- Dec. 1921 = Fascist Youth Front = for boys 14-17 = Fascist education early on.
- Balilla = children 8-14 years.
- 1924 = 3000 children were formally involved with fascist youth organisations.
- Once dictatorship was established 1925 = focus on youth became formalised.
- 3rd April 1926 = Opera Nazionale Balilla = ONB = created by formal decree = aim to provide ‘for the physical +
moral benefit of youth’ = for boys 8-18.
- Figlie della Lupa = Daughters of the She Wolf = girls 6-8.
- Piccole Italiane = Little Italians = girls 8-13.
- Giovane Italiane = Young Italian Women = 14-17.
- 1929 Ministry of National Education = controlled all these organisations.
- Had to oversee scholarly education + physical training = ensure focus on creating loyal gen. of fascists was
being implemented.
- ONB = linked to formal education system = compulsory for boys + girls = 6 - 11 years.
- Non-membership = difficult to enrol in further education/ barred employment in civil service/ reason for
anti-fascist suspicions.
- 1937 = youth organisations = membership of 7 million = popular = parents WANTED to send their children.
FAILURES:
- Before dictatorship = youth organisaitons not organised + sutrcutred = competed with other organisations
from other political parties.
- Considerable divide between success in North + South = Southern children didn’t study beyond 11 = nature
of agriculture made it difficult to join organisations.
- Boys had more physical activities + girls taught to become mothers.
- Was indoctrination of youth due to youth organisations OR their general enjoyment in these activities?
SUCCESSES:
- Aim = provide ‘for the physical + moral benefit of youth’
- School textbooks told students of poor treatment of Italian soldiers in WW1 + how fascism saved the country
from communist revolution.
- Boys’ programmes aimed at producing young, fascist leaders.
- Membership of ONB = benefits = jobs + special scholarships.
OPERA NAZIONALE DOPOLAVORO (OND)
- 1925 = provided workers with variety of social + sporting opportunities.
FAILURES:
- Fascists make sure OND = ideology free = no sporting/ social/ educational activities for workers featured
direct promotions of fascist beliefs.
- Workers could benefit from OND without any real commitment to fascist regime/ ideals.
- Became clear that people joined because of the mass range of services it provided.
- Did people take advantage of its perks? Or did they truly support fascism?
The benefits of buying summaries with Stuvia:
Guaranteed quality through customer reviews
Stuvia customers have reviewed more than 700,000 summaries. This how you know that you are buying the best documents.
Quick and easy check-out
You can quickly pay through credit card or Stuvia-credit for the summaries. There is no membership needed.
Focus on what matters
Your fellow students write the study notes themselves, which is why the documents are always reliable and up-to-date. This ensures you quickly get to the core!
Frequently asked questions
What do I get when I buy this document?
You get a PDF, available immediately after your purchase. The purchased document is accessible anytime, anywhere and indefinitely through your profile.
Satisfaction guarantee: how does it work?
Our satisfaction guarantee ensures that you always find a study document that suits you well. You fill out a form, and our customer service team takes care of the rest.
Who am I buying these notes from?
Stuvia is a marketplace, so you are not buying this document from us, but from seller serenasandhu. Stuvia facilitates payment to the seller.
Will I be stuck with a subscription?
No, you only buy these notes for $26.43. You're not tied to anything after your purchase.
