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Summary Upper Limb - Bones of Upper Limb
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Osteology of Upper Limb: ClavicleIn this session, we will be revising the osteology of the clavicle, or
collarbone. The clavicle is a modified long bone with unique features.
When determining the side of the clavicle, we can consider three
dimensions: superior or inferior, medial or lateral, and anterior or
posterior. The clavicle is divided into a medial two-thirds and a lateral
one-third. The medial two-thirds have four surfaces, while the lateral
one-third has two surfaces and two borders. Specific features of the
clavicle include the conoid tubercle and the subclavian groove. The
clavicle also has various muscle attachments and forms joints with the
sternum and scapula.
Features of the Clavicle
Medial end is quadrangular, lateral end is flattened
Medial 2/3rd is convex on the anterior aspect
Inferior aspect has an elevation known as the conoid tubercle
Attachments of the Clavicle
Lateral 1/3rd: Deltoid (anterior border) and Trapezius
(posterior border)
Medial 2/3rds: Pectoralis major (anterior surface) and
Sternocleidomastoid (superior surface)
Joints Formed by the Clavicle
Medial end articulates with the sternum (sternoclavicular joint)
Lateral end articulates with the scapula (acromioclavicular
joint)
Applied Anatomy of the Clavicle
Fracture of the clavicle commonly occurs at the junction of the
medial 2/3rd and lateral 1/3rd
Cleidocranial dysostosis can cause partial or complete absence
of the clavicle, associated with cranial bone deformities
Osteology of Upper Limb: Scapula
The scapula, or shoulder blade, is a flat bone with distinct features.
When determining the side of the scapula, we can consider two
dimensions: superior or anterior, and medial or lateral. The scapula
has three borders and three angles. It also has various processes,
including the coracoid process and the acromion process. The scapula
has multiple muscle attachments and forms joints with the humerus
and clavicle.
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