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Unit 12 Assignment 1 health and social care level 3
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p1, m1, d1 and referencing. Unit 12 Assignment 1
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Unit 12 - Assignment 1P1- Explain diagnostic procedures to determine additional needs for one child
and one adult with different additional needs.
Rebecca
Due to a road traffic accident, Rebecca sustained a fractured spine meaning
she now has no movement below her cervical spine. There are a couple of
diagnostic procedures which can be performed in order to determine paralysis.
CT Scan - A CT Scan (computed tomography) uses a combination of x-rays and
a computer to create detailed images of the inside of the body. These are used
to diagnose conditions such as any damage to bones, any internal organ
injuries, blood flow issues, stroke and cancer. CT Scans are more detailed than
standard X-rays.
MRI (Magnetic resonance imaging) - An MRI is a scan which uses strong
magnetic fields as well as radio waves to produce detailed images of the inside
of the body. MRI scans are used to investigate or diagnose any conditions
which affect soft tissue. For example, Tumours (cancerous or non-cancerous),
soft tissue injuries such as a damaged ligament, joint injury or disease, spinal
injury or disease, injury or disease of internal organs.
X-Ray - An X-ray creates images of your internal organs or bones to help
diagnose conditions or injuries. A special machine will emit a small quantity of
ionising radiation which then passes through your body and is then caught on a
special device which produces the image. They are mainly used to look at the
bones and joints such as fractures and breaks, however sometimes are used to
detect any problems affecting soft tissue such as internal organs.
, Ben
Ben has Down’s Syndrome and type 2 diabetes. There are many diagnostic
tests for both of these additional needs.
Down’s Syndrome:
There are two main tests which are used in order to diagnose Down’s
syndrome. These tests are Amniocentesis (performed at 15-20 weeks) and
Chorionic Villus Sampling (Performed at 10-12 weeks)
Amniocentesis is commonly used to identify any chromosomal abnormality
including Down’s syndrome. It is typically performed between 15 and 20 weeks
of pregnancy and involves a needle being inserted through the abdomen under
ultrasound guidance in order to remove a small amount of amniotic fluid. The
cells which the amniotic fluid is made up from are cultured and karyotype
analysis which is an analysis of the chromosomal make-up of the cells and
looks at the size, shape and number of chromosomes.
Chorionic Villus sampling (CVS) is also commonly used for identifying
chromosomal problems. It is done at 10 to 12 weeks of pregnancy and includes
removing a tiny piece of tissue from the placenta under ultrasound guidance
and is performed by inserting a needle through either a catheter inserted
through the cervix or through the abdomen. The tissue will then be cultured and
a karyotype analysis will be performed.
Type 2 Diabetes
There are many blood tests available for diabetes. The main blood test used is
a HbA1c test.
HbA1c tests your average blood sugar levels for the last two to three months.
It’s a simple test where a small amount of blood is taken from a vein in your
arm.
Random Blood Glucose Test is used for when severe symptoms of diabetes are
shown, you may have a random blood test at any time of the day. This is a
quick test where the blood is either taken through a finger prick or a vein in
your arm.
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