Hondros NUR 176 Exam 1: Questions & Answers
Interventions to prevent diabetes ✔️Ans - Maintain healthy weight, diet
and exercise
Signs of type 1 diabetes ✔️Ans - 3 polys, blurred vision, cold feet,
numbness, shiny thin skin w/ no hair, age 30 and under, sudden onset,
underweight,
Signs of type 2 diabetes ✔️Ans - No symptoms at first , later develop the 3
polys, obesity, Nigricans (black line on back of neck) skin tags
S/S of hypoglycemia ✔️Ans - Fatigue, weakness, irritability, reduce
cognition, tremors, seizures, diaphoresis( sweating)
S/S of hyperglycemia ✔️Ans - 3 polys, fruity breath
S/S of diabetic ketoacidosis and treatment ✔️Ans - High BS, high HR,
restlessness, weight loss, fruity breath, kussmaul(fast deep RR) -- treatments;
IV regular insulin
First intervention if a pt. Presents with s/s of hypo/hyperglycemia ✔️Ans -
Check blood sugar
Prevention of long term complications of diabetes ✔️Ans - Takes meds,
daily feet care, yearly renal test, eye exams every 6 months, LDL less than 150
Dietary teaching for a diabetic patient ✔️Ans - Meals at the same time
every day, decrease saturated fats, increase exercise , refer pt. To MyPlate
learning tool,
Diabetic Pt. should never increase carbs unless... ✔️Ans - Sugar is low
before exercising
Discharge teaching for diabetic pt. ✔️Ans - Know hypo/hyperglycemia s/s,
know that stress and illness increase BS , see a diabetic educator, know what
the effect of Exercise can have on Bs
, Diabetic foot care ✔️Ans - Clean w/ soap and warm water, clean socks
everyday, cut toe nails straight across, keep feet dry, no powder or lotion b/t
toes , wear shoes , inspect feet daily, no gardners
Lipid analysis ✔️Ans - LDL-less than 100 HDL- more than 40 Triglycerides-
more than 150
What are low and high levels of HDL indicative of ✔️Ans - High- insulin
resistance, low- insulin sensitivity
What insulins can not be mixed? ✔️Ans - Levemir and Lantus ( detemir and
glargine )
How to mix insulin ✔️Ans - Short acting to long acting, regular to NPH,
Clear to cloudy
Should a nurse hold a patients insulin before consulting a dr? ✔️Ans - No
No insulin, beta cells are destroyed is a result of ? ✔️Ans - Diabetes type 1
Beta cells exhaustion , insulin resistance is a result of ? ✔️Ans - Diabetes
type 2
Rapid acting insulin ✔️Ans - Lispro(Humalog) aspart(Novolog)
glulisine(Apidra)
Onset, peak and duration of Novolog and Apidra ✔️Ans - Onset-15-30,
Peak-1-3hr, duration-3-5hr
onset, peak and duration of humalog ✔️Ans - Onset-15-30, Peak-1-2hr,
duration-3-4hr
Short acting insulin( regular) ✔️Ans - Humulin R, Novolin R, ReliOn R,
Onset-30-60 , Peak-2-4hr, duration-6-8hr
Intermediate insulin (NPH) ✔️Ans - Humulin N, Novolin N, ReliOn N, Onset-
1-4hr Peak-4-12hr, duration-12-16hr