MSN 570 Questions With 100% Answers

MSN 570 Questions With 100% Answers What is a MI? - ANSWER Death of myocardium from sudden blockage of coronary artery blood flow 2. What causes cell death in MI? - ANSWER unstable plaque breaks off, triggering platelet aggregation, coagulation cascade and thrombus formation. continued no blood flow in 10 seconds ischemia, 20 minutes cell die 3. What consequence of cell death leads to Chest Pain? - ANSWER hypoxia as cannot meet cell demand for oxygen 4. How is MI diagnosed - ANSWER EKG (STEMI) or elevated Troponin (non-STEMI) 5. What might you find in blood consistent with MI? - ANSWER elevated CK MB, Troponin 6. Where does CK MB and Troponin come from? - ANSWER Release of lysosomal enzymes; CK MB detected after myocardial necrosis, Troponin released from damaged heart muscle 7. 3 mechanism of cell injury related to reperfussion injury - ANSWER ischemia, necrosis, reperfussion l/t RAS 8. define reperfussion injury - ANSWER injury that occurs after oxygen is reintroduced to tissue perfusion 9. how does inflammatory process contribute to reperfussion injury? - ANSWER as oxygen is reintroduced it comes in contact with damaged proteins triggering inflammatory response 10. how does oxidative process contribute to RI? - ANSWER RAS causes impairment of cell membrane and pro-apotptoic cells release. making cell unstable 11. what is primary Hypertension? - ANSWER Essential or idiopathic, elevated BP without an identified cause, accounts for 90 - 95% of all cases of hypertension? 12. what is secondary hypertension? - ANSWER Elevated BP, labile BP; related to conditions ie kidney dz; resistant to BP meds 13. what is significance of Ventricular hypertrophy and HTN? - ANSWER persistent hypertension leads to ventricular hypertrophy; decrease CO 14. what comorbidities/conditions does HTN cause? - ANSWER stroke, ischemia, heart failure, aneurysm, hemorrhage 15. what is preload? - ANSWER volume of blood in ventricles at end of diastole 16. what is afterload? - ANSWER peripheral resistance against which the left ventricle must pump 17. hoe does HTN l/t CHF? - ANSWER overwork left ventricle due to increase pressure; decreased pumping ability of heart and decreases CO. 18. identify pathological process of gangrene? - ANSWER form of coagulative necrosis; interruption of blood flow l/t denaturing cells enzymes and bacterial invasion 19. three types of gangrene - ANSWER dry, wet & gas 20. what is the major treatment approach for gangrene? - ANSWER removing affective tissue to prevent infection; treating problem that led to gangrene