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Microstructural engineering introduction
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Introductory lecture notes to Microstructural Engineering
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Range of ScaleMICROSTRUCTURAL ENGINEERING
scale a structural features a
Macro structure 103 10-3 without
Engineering
→
structure be seen
'
can a microscope
-
'
Microstructure 10-3 10-8 Shapes of and phases ; structure of grain and phase boundaries
grains
→
a
10 crystal
-
Nanostructure glass structure
•
or
' °
10
_
atomic structure
IMPORTANT ; composition and microstructure of material its What is it made of ?
any governs engineering properties .
Atoms; chemical composition ; of atoms within microstructure Better prediction and control material 's
arrangement .
of a
engineering properties are dependent on a
good understanding of its ; 1) microstructure
,
2) factors affecting
microstructure
,
3) interaction with service environment
Macro structure examples
construction ; Civil
engineering ;
house steel
building masonry :
, ,
concrete etc
cement , concrete , timber etc
Humber bridge
Microscopy techniques
Microscope :
any several
types of instruments used to obtain a
magnified image of minute objects or minute details
Of objects
light microscopes : use visible
light to create
magnified image of object Basic microscope
.
can provide wide
range
of magnifications ( to ✗ ✗ 500 ) with maximum lateral resolution of about 0.2µm (200mm) Best to
-
.
start examinations @ low
magnification .
eg eyes
.
→ hand tense →
microscope
stereomicroscope
-
Produce 3D correct and Materials microscope for transmitted
-
laterally reflected light
•
,
upright images .
Stereo
image as
using suitable for examination of transparent
both
eyes . materials (eg . thin sections of
specimen imaged in true-to-life way minerals , wood concrete etc) and
,
with excellent expression of depth .
polished opaque materials
Benefits ; large field of view
, large working (eg . metals )
distance example of identification
-
use :
limit ; total magnification of approx .
✗400 Of aggregates and
durability
↳
expensive problems in concrete
materials microscope cont
-
.
Concrete Portland cement + sand 1- stones + just the of Concrete hardens and water
right amount water
stays as
=
.
a
hydration product
-
it does not evaporate ! TEETERS _
Example
"
right suffered from
"
on
-
concrete alkali silica reaction
damage Very . valuable
complementary information can be
bright edge =
from confirms the
/
Obtained an electron microscope .
-
calcium
•
diagnosis of alkali silica reaction
damage .
carbonate
crack in
aggregate
particle
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