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PALS CERTIFICATION COURSE/116 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS (A+)
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PALS CERTIFICATION COURSE/116QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS (A+)
Which topics are included in the PALS course ? -
√Answer :PALS includes the following:
(1) Overview of assessment
(2) Recognition and management of respiratory distress
and failure
(3) Recognition and management of shock
(4) Recognition and management of cardiac arrhythmias
(5) Recognition and management of cardiac arrest
(6) Postresuscitation management of patients with
pulmonary and cardiac arrest
(7) Review of pharmacology
Quiz :What should be the primary focus of the clinician
on prevention of cardiopulmonary failure - √Answer :The
clinician should primarily focus on prevention of
cardiopulmonary failure through early recognition and
management of respiratory distress, respiratory failure,
and shock that can lead to cardiac arrest from hypoxia,
acidosis, and ischemia.
Quiz :What is the main cause of cardiac arrests in
children? - √Answer :In infants and children, most
cardiac arrests result from progressive respiratory
failure and/or shock, thus one of the aims of PALS rapid
assessment model is to prevent progression to cardiac
arrest.
Quiz :What is the pediatric assessment triangle? -
√Answer :Brief visual and auditory observation of child's
,overall (1) appearance, (2) work of breathing, (3)
circulation
Quiz :What are the components of the primary
assessment? What signs should the clinician look for? -
√Answer :The clinician should in rapid sequence
assess:
(1) Airway (patent, patent with maneuvers/adjuncts,
partially or completely obstructed)
(2) Breathing (respiratory rate, effort, tidal volume, lung
sounds, pulse oximetry)
(3) Circulation (skin color and temperature, heart rate
and rhythm, blood pressure, peripheral and central
pulses, capillary refill time)
(4) Disability: (a)AVPU pediatric response scale: Alert,
Voice, Pain, Unresponsive; (b) Pupillary response to
light
(c) Presence of hypoglycemia (rapid bedside glucose or
response to empiric administration of dextrose) (d)
Glasgow Coma Scale
Quiz :What are the components of the secondary
assessment? For what should the clinician look for
during the secondary assessment? - √Answer :This
portion of the evaluation includes a thorough head to toe
physical examination, as well as a focused medical
history that consists of the "SAMPLE" history:
(S) Signs and Symptoms
(A) Allergies
(M) Medications
(P) Past medical history
(L) Last meal
, (E) Events leading to current illness
Quiz :What are the components of the tertiary
assessment? - √Answer :Injury and infection are
common causes of life-threatening illness in children.
Thus, for this stage, ancillary studies are frequently
directed towards identifying the extent of trauma or an
infectious focus.
Quiz :There are many causes of acute respiratory
compromise in children. The clinician should strive to
categorize respiratory distress or failure into one or
more of the following: - √Answer :(1) Upper airway
obstruction (eg, croup, epiglottitis)
(2) Lower airway obstruction (eg, bronchiolitis, status
asthmaticus)
(3) Lung tissue (parenchymal) disease (eg,
bronchopneumonia)
(4) Disordered control of breathing (eg, seizure, coma,
muscle weakness)
Quiz :What is the focus of initial management - √Answer
:The main focus of initial management is to support
airway, breathing, and circulation
Quiz :How can the clinician support the airway? -
√Answer :(1) Provide 100 percent inspired oxygen
(2) Allow child to assume position of comfort or
manually open airway
(3) Clear airway (suction)
(4) Insert an airway adjunct if consciousness is impaired
(eg, nasopharyngeal airway or, if gag reflex absent,
oropharyngeal airway)
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