Summary
Summary AQA ALEVEL BIOLOGY NOTES ON IMMUNITY AND VACCINATIONS
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ALEVEL NOTES ON THE IMMUNITY TOPIC- IMMUNITY AND VACCINATIONS ADJUSTED TO THE AQA SPECIFICATION AND MADE FROM MARKSCHEMES
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Immunity and Vaccinations=
There of
two types immunity active and
passive
•
are :
.
,1 4 % 4 % 1 T t
Immunity §
#
Active
Immunity
→
Active is when makes antibodies after stimulated
immunity being
its
your immune system own
by an
antigen .
There of
are two types active
immunity
•
:
I. when after disease
Natural -
you become immune catching a
2. Artificial when become immune after been harmless dose
you you've given vaccination contains
-
a
of antigen .
Passive
Immunity
Passive of
immunity type
→ the
is
immunity you get from being given
antibodies made
by a
different does )
organism .
( your immune
system not produce any antibodies on its own
There two of
are
types passive immunity :
.
1. Natural When becomes immune due to antibodies it from its
baby receives mother
-
a
Artificial from else
2. when become immune after
being injected with antibodies someone
-
you
.
What the difference between ?
is active and passive immunity
Active Immunity Passive
Immunity
Requires exposure to
antigen Doesn't require exposure
to
antigen
Takes a while for protection Protection is immediate
to
develop
cells aren't
Memory cells are produced Memory produced
Protection is
long -
term because
the after Protection is short -
term because
antibody is produced (
the antibodies
activation of
memory cells) in given are
to broken down
response
complementary
antigen being present in the
body /
%
Vaccination 4
%%%
%
into
Vaccination is the introduction of the appropriate disease antigens the
body either
by
-
,
injection or
by mouth .
The intention is to stimulate an immune response against a particular disease .
.
The response is
slight because
only a small amount of antigen has been introduced .
blood
Vaccination allows the
body to
produce memory
cells These remain in the and
-
allow a
.
infection
greater ,
and more immediate
,
response to a future .
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