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CCT112 - Week 9 Notes
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Week 9 Lecture NotesMarch 21, 2023 1:58 PM
Chapter 15 Managing Employees
What is Motivation
Motivation
The process by which a person's effort are energized, directed and sustained
Need
An internal state that makes certain outcomes appear attractive
The motivation process
Early theories of motivation
Maslow's Hierarchy of needs theory
Maslow's theory that there is a hierarchy of five human needs; physiological, safety, social, esteem, and
self actualization; as each need becomes satisfied, the next need becomes dominant
Maslow was a psychologist who proposed that within every person is a hierarchy of five need
• Physiological needs
○ Food, drink, shelter, sexual satisfaction and other physical requirements
• Safety needs
○ Security and protection from physical and emotional harm, as well as assurance that
physical needs will continue to be met
• Social needs
○ Affection, belongingness, acceptance, friendship
• Esteem needs
○ Internal esteem factors, such as self respect, autonomy, and achievement and external
esteem factors such as status, recognition and attention
• Self actualization needs
○ Growth, achieving ones potential, and self fulfillment; the drive to become what one is
capable of becoming
Maslow's Hierarchy of needs
, McGregor's theory X and theory Y
• Theory X
○ The assumption that employees dislike work, are lazy, avoid responsibility, and must be
coerced to perform
• Theory Y
○ The assumption that employees are creative, enjoy work, seek responsibility and can
exercise self direction
Herzberg's two factor theory
• Two factor theory (motivation-hygiene theory)
○ Herzberg's theory that intrinsic factors are related to job satisfaction and motivation,
whereas extrinsic factors are related to job dissatisfaction
• Hygiene factors
○ Factors that eliminate job dissatisfaction but dont motivate
• Motivator
○ Factors that increase job satisfaction and motivation
Contrasting views of satisfaction-dissatisfaction
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