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Samenvatting journalistieke beroep
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Samenvatting gebaseerd op notities uit de les, informatie uit de cursus en powerpoint en het internet
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1. Nieuwsgaring......................................................................................................................................3
Persagentschappen:...........................................................................................................................4
Persconferenties:................................................................................................................................4
Wandelgangen:...................................................................................................................................4
Woordvoerder:...................................................................................................................................4
Informanten:......................................................................................................................................4
Andere media:....................................................................................................................................4
Burgerjournalistiek:............................................................................................................................4
Sociale media:.....................................................................................................................................5
Studies, wetenschappelijke werken...................................................................................................5
2. Nieuwsselectie....................................................................................................................................5
3. Nieuwsgaring + nieuwsselectie= OPLETTEN.......................................................................................5
2. Journalistieke vaardigheden...............................................................................................................9
3. Journalistieke werkomgeving.............................................................................................................9
Personeel............................................................................................................................................9
Wie is wie op redactie......................................................................................................................10
De Belgische journalist.....................................................................................................................10
Beroepsjournalist.............................................................................................................................11
Mannen vs vrouwen.........................................................................................................................11
Werksituatie.....................................................................................................................................12
Medium............................................................................................................................................12
Specialisatie......................................................................................................................................12
Werkvoorwaarden............................................................................................................................13
Vaardigheden = troeven...................................................................................................................13
Dagelijkse routine.............................................................................................................................14
Informatiekanalen............................................................................................................................16
Informatiebronnen...........................................................................................................................16
Tevredenheid....................................................................................................................................16
Politieke filosofische opvattingen.....................................................................................................16
Ethiek................................................................................................................................................17
4. Op zoek naar nieuws........................................................................................................................17
5. Journalistieke genres........................................................................................................................17
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,6. Journalistieke werkwijze...................................................................................................................17
7. Deontologie......................................................................................................................................17
Wat kan/kan niet in de journalistiek.................................................................................................17
Persvrijheid/vrijheid van meningsuiting...........................................................................................17
Beroepsverenigingen............................................................................................................................18
AVBB/VVJ..........................................................................................................................................18
JAM...................................................................................................................................................19
Journalistenloket..............................................................................................................................19
IFJ......................................................................................................................................................19
BVDU................................................................................................................................................19
Fonds Pascal Decroos.......................................................................................................................19
VVOJ.................................................................................................................................................19
VRM..................................................................................................................................................19
De Vlaamse Mediaraad.....................................................................................................................19
1. Krant.................................................................................................................................................23
Ontstaan...........................................................................................................................................23
20e eeuw...........................................................................................................................................23
Concurrentie.....................................................................................................................................23
Uitgaven van de krant.......................................................................................................................24
Functie..............................................................................................................................................24
Kenmerken.......................................................................................................................................24
Kwaliteitskranten >< populaire kranten...........................................................................................25
Kranten in Vlaanderen......................................................................................................................25
Kranten in Wallonië..........................................................................................................................25
Begrippen.........................................................................................................................................26
2. Tijdschriften......................................................................................................................................26
Onderscheid met krant.....................................................................................................................26
Extra’s...............................................................................................................................................26
Soorten tijdschriften.........................................................................................................................27
Historiek...........................................................................................................................................27
Magazines in Vlaanderen..................................................................................................................27
Gratis pers........................................................................................................................................28
3. Radio.................................................................................................................................................28
Historiek...........................................................................................................................................28
Radio was van de overheid...............................................................................................................28
Openbare radio................................................................................................................................29
2
, Commerciële radio...........................................................................................................................29
Kenmerken:......................................................................................................................................29
4. Televisie............................................................................................................................................30
Historiek...........................................................................................................................................30
Openbare omroep............................................................................................................................30
Televisie was van de overheid..........................................................................................................31
Commerciële televisie......................................................................................................................31
Trends...............................................................................................................................................32
5. Online...............................................................................................................................................33
Targeting...........................................................................................................................................33
ONTSTAAN van de BIG 5…................................................................................................................34
..........................................................................................................................................................34
Vormen van mediaconcentratie.......................................................................................................34
Voordelen.........................................................................................................................................35
Nadelen............................................................................................................................................35
1. Nieuwsgaring
Waar haalt journalist nieuws vandaan?
3
, Persagentschappen:
Persagentschappen = leveranciers van nieuws
hebben correspondenten die nieuws zoeken = nieuwsagentschappen
Werken voor: redacties, ambassades, banken, grote bedrijven,…
Wereldagentschappen= persagentschappen (international)
Bv; United Press International, Assosiated Press, Reuters (Brits), AFP
allemaal westerse nieuwsagentschappen enkel westerse standpunten
Fotoagentschappen: foto’s die journalisten mogen gebruiken voor artikels
In België: Belga news agency, Photo news, IPS-Vlaanderen
BELGA NEWS AGENCY °1920= eigen nationale agentschap
Officiële spreekbuis voor organisaties
Bv. NMBS verwittigd Belga als er iets is met treinen, Belga verwittigd Media
Persconferenties:
Nieuws project, (corona)regels, product,… lanceren
Gelegenheid om nadien auteur, deskundige of getuige te interviewen
Vooral bekend vroeger terug populair sinds corona
Vroeger: gelegenheid om bij te praten met collega’s van andere media die onder hetzelfde vakgebied
werken
Wandelgangen:
Komt letterlijk van wandelgangen in het parlement
Journalist wandelt met politicus in gangen vertelt iets verder uitzoeken
Onder embargo = Nieuws mag niet vermeld worden tot een bepaalde datum
! respecteren en stilhouden ! anders vertrouwen weg
Woordvoerder:
Vroeger: Minister, CEO direct contact met pers
Nu: woordvoerders weten wat ze niet/wel mogen zeggen (kregen mediatraining)
Vaak ex-journalisten
Proberen journalisten vaak af te blokken
Informanten:
Geeft (in het geheim) informatie aan pers
Andere media:
Meest gangbare sporen naar nieuws
Stagairs krijgen vaak taak: ‘ga alle kranten door en zoek nieuws dat ook voor ons medium interessant is’
Sociale media; kanalen van politici, journalisten, bekende personen,…
Burgerjournalistiek:
Burgers posten foto’s/filmpjes van (ernstige) gebeurtenissen
Journalisten moeten kritisch zijn
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