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Which of the four elements in proteins differentiated this class of substances from carbohydrates and lipids? Nitrogen Which of the proteins is soluble in water? Albumin How are amino acids joined together to form a chainlike structure? Peptide bonding Proteins may become denatured when subjected to mechanical agitation, heat, or chemical treatment. What does denaturation of proteins refer to? Alteration of tertiary structure Which aminoacidopathy is NOT caused by an enzyme deficiency? Cystinuria These aminoacidopathies are caused by an enzyme deficiency: Maple syrup disease, phenylketonuria, and alkaptonuria How many immunoglobulin classes are currently recognized? Five Which reagent is employed in the serum protein determination? Biuret Why should hemolyzed serum not be used for total protein analysis? Hemoglobin is absorbed at the same wavelength as protein in the reagent Which of the following is NOT true of the biuret reaction? It is relatively free from interference from lipids and hemoglobin Which of the following is true of the biuret reaction? Follows Beer's law for a reasonable range of protein, depends on the presence of at least two peptide linkages, and is insensitive to the low protein levels of urine. Why is bromcresol purple the preferred indicator for albumin dye binding techniques? There is less interference from pigment(s) What is the most anodic protein on electrophoresis at pH 8.6? Albumin The total protein is 7.1 g/dL. The serum protein results are: Albumin 53.0% 3.8 g/dL Alpha1 3.6% 0.3 g/dL Alpha2 11.0% 0.8 g/dL Beta 17.6% 1.2 g/dL Gamma 14.8% 1.1 g/dL What is the A/G ratio? 3.8/(.3+.8+1.2+1.1) = 1.1 A serum protein electrophoretic pattern displaying a beta gamma bridge or broad gamma is seen in which disease state? Active cirrhosis If an electrophoretic pattern shows 30% albumin, 4%-10% alpha-globulin, 4%-10% beta-globulin, and 45% gamma globulin, then what condition may exist in the patient? Monoclonal gammopathy Glycoproteins and mucoproteins are usually bound to which substance? Carbohydrates All of the following are glycoproteins: Ceruloplasmin, follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), and fibrinogen All of the following are glycoproteins EXCEPT: Cryoglobulin Which one of the following applies to cryoglobulins? They are temperature-sensitive proteins Which of the following statements is true of albumin? It is produced in the liver and is water-soluble Decreased alpha-fetoprotein values are associated with which condition? Down syndrome Which one of the following proteins transports iron? Transferrin In acute renal failure, which nonprotein nitrogen rises the fastest? Blood urea nitrogen (BUN) By the urease method, urea is enzymatically converted to which end product? Ammonia Why can untreated urine be used for the determination of urea by the diacetyl monoxomine method? The method is not measuring ammonia An elevated creatinine value is most likely to be accompanied by which of these values? Elevated BUN, 10X creatinine value What is the classical method for creatinine reaction? Jaffe The measurement of creatinine is based on the formation of a yellow-red color and which reagent? Alkaline picrate