Summary Revision Notes Of Light, Refraction And Reflection For Class 10th [Ncert] For Only $10
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This document provides comprehensive notes on the topic of light, reflection, and refraction, specifically tailored for Class 10th students following the NCERT curriculum. The notes cover essential concepts, laws, formulas, and phenomena related to light, reflection, and refraction.
The document...
Important Points Of Chapter "Light, Refraction And Reflection":
1. Light: Light is a form of energy that enables us to see objects. It travels in
straight lines known as rays.
2. Sources of Light: Natural sources of light include the Sun, stars, and fire, while
artificial sources include light bulbs, candles, and electric lamps.
3. Transparent, Translucent, and Opaque Objects: Transparent objects allow light
to pass through them completely, translucent objects allow partial light to pass
through, and opaque objects do not allow any light to pass through them.
4. Reflection of Light: The bouncing back of light rays from a surface is called
reflection. The angle of incidence (the angle between the incident ray and the
normal) is equal to the angle of reflection (the angle between the reflected ray and
the normal).
5. Laws of Reflection: There are two laws of reflection: (a) The incident ray, the
reflected ray, and the normal at the point of incidence, all lie in the same plane. (b)
The angle of incidence is equal to the angle of reflection.
6. Types of Reflection: Regular reflection occurs when parallel rays of light hit a
smooth surface and reflect in a parallel manner. Diffuse reflection occurs when
parallel rays of light hit a rough surface and reflect in different directions.
7. Image Formation by a Plane Mirror: A plane mirror forms a virtual and erect
image. The image formed is of the same size as the object and is located at the
same distance behind the mirror as the object is in front.
8. Refraction of Light: The bending of light when it passes from one medium to
another is called refraction. It occurs due to the change in the speed of light.
9. Refractive Index: The ratio of the speed of light in a vacuum to the speed of light
in a medium is called the refractive index of the medium.
10. Laws of Refraction: There are two laws of refraction: (a) The incident ray, the
refracted ray, and the normal at the point of incidence, all lie in the same plane.
(b) The ratio of the sine of the angle of incidence to the sine of the angle of
refraction is a constant, known as the refractive index.
11. Lenses: Lenses are transparent objects with curved surfaces. Convex lenses
are thicker in the middle and converge light rays, forming real and inverted
images. Concave lenses are thinner in the middle and diverge light rays, forming
virtual and erect images.
12. Dispersion of Light: Dispersion is the splitting of white light into its constituent
colors (spectrum) when it passes through a prism. This occurs due to the different
speeds of different colors of light in the prism.
13. Atmospheric Refraction: The bending of light when it passes through the
Earth's atmosphere is called atmospheric refraction. It causes the apparent
position of celestial objects to be slightly different from their actual position.
14. Total Internal Reflection: When a ray of light passes from a denser medium to a
rarer medium and the angle of incidence is greater than the critical angle, the light
is completely reflected back into the denser medium. This phenomenon is known
as total internal reflection.
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