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Summary BGZ2024 Food for life
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Summary of all cases and lectures of the Food for Life course, in English!
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By: jimprenen • 7 year ago
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BGZ2024 Food for lifeLecture 06-02
Macronutrients: carbohydrates, proteins, fat.
Micronutrients: vitamins, minerals
Carbohydrates: Mono and disaccharides, polysaccharides
Lactose= D-galactose+ D-glucose
Amylose has lower digestibility than amylopectin, amylopectin is more abundant in foods.
Dietary fiber: non-digestible carbohydrates that are intact and intrinsic in plants. Whole wheat, fruit,
vegetables..
Fibers: soluble (pectins, psyllium, etc.) and insoluble (cellulose, lignin)
Fibers have different health effects: normalises bowel movement, LDL cholesterol lowering (CVD,
cardiovascular diseases) bulking: satiety> obesity. Lower glucose and insulin responses >diabetes.
Source of short-chain fatty acids.
Fats: triglycerides. Oils are always unsaturated.
-saturated
-monounsaturated
-polyunsaturated linoleic acid, alpha-linolenic acid.
Trans fatty acids are formed by industrial processing, it is the hardening of fat. A trans configuration
causes a straight molecule. The normal form would be a cis configuration, a bent molecule. The
hardened fat acts like a saturated fat not healthy.
Proteins: composed of amino acids. By peptide bonding proteins are formed in polypeptide chains.
-essential
-non-essential
Non-essential amino acids can become essential, this depends on the situation.
Phenylketonuria: PKU. Phenylalanine is not processed. The amino acid will pile up in the bloodstream
health problems. De hielprik screent op PKU.
Digestion:
Carbohydrates to monosaccharides. Proteins to amino acids. Fats to fatty acids and monoglycerides.
Glucose and amino acids dissolved in the blood. Exogenous triglycerides in lipoproteins
(chlyomicrons). Endogenous triglycerides in other types of lipoproteins (VLDL).
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