Organische chemie: visuele samenvatting - substitutie en eliminatiereacties
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Course
Organische chemie
Institution
Katholieke Universiteit Leuven (KU Leuven)
Organische chemie: visuele samenvatting - substitutie en eliminatiereacties
alle soorten reacties weergegeven, belangrijke stappen en waar op te letten!
Hoofdstuk 2: Substitutiereacties op C sp3 en
Eliminatiereacties
Organische verbindingen met elektronegatief atoom(groep) op sp3 gehybridiseerd C-
atoom kunnen substitutie ondergaan (ROH/ROR’/ROX)
2.1 Bimoleculaire nucleofiele substitutie SN2
Reactiesnelheid Reactie gebeurt in één stap. Beide moleculen bepalen
de snelheid
v=k.
[ molecul
Transitietoestand In TT is C-atoom sp2 (vlak)
Ruimtelijke schikking Walden Inversie
opmerkingen Bij alcoholen en ethers activatie door
1. protonering
2. omzetting tot sulfonaatesters
Reactiviteit
LG Basiciteit , reactiviteit
hoe zwakkere base, hoe minder sterk gebonden aan
C-atoom
ROH /ROR’ /RX Prim > sec > tert
sterische hinder
Nucleofiel (nucleofiliciteit) Basiciteit , reactiviteit
Solvent Aprotisch/ niet-protisch
als solvent protisch is gaat het binden met het
nucleofiel en krijgen we geen reactie
LG
Nu
LG Nu
2.2 Unimoleculaire nucleofiele substitutie SN1
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