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Samenvatting Biochemie 1, Thema 5, bouw en functie van de bouwstenen
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Biochemie 1 gaat over de bouw en functie van de bouwstenen
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Samenvatting biochemie 1Hoofdstuk 1:
Describe 4 classes of biomolecules
◦ proteins
◦ nucleic acid
◦ lipids
◦ carbohydrates
Recognize functional groups within biomolecules
◦ Double bond (CH2=CH2)
◦ Hydroxyl group (CH3CH2OH)
◦ Amino group (CH3NH2)
◦ Sulfhydryl group (CH3SH)
◦ Carbonyl group (CH3CHO, CH3COCH3)
◦ Carboxyl group (CH3COOH)
Describe structure of cells
◦ Organelles and their functions
Organ elle Function
Nucleus Location of main genome & most DNA/RNA s ynth esis
Mitochondrion Site of energy-yie lding oxidation reactions; has
its own DNA
Chloroplast Site of photosynthes is in green plants and algae;
has its own DNA
Endoplasmic Continuou s membrane throu ghout the cell, rough
reticu lum part stu dded with ribosomes; s ites of protein s ynthe sis
Golgi Series of flatte ned membranes; involved in s ecre tion
apparatus of prote ins from ce lls and in reactions that link
sugars to other cellular components
Lysosomes Membrane-bounded sacs containing hydrolytic enzyme s
Peroxisomes Sacs that contain enzymes involved in the metabolism
of hydroge n pe roxide
Cell me mbrane Separates the cell contents from the outside world
Cell wall Rigid exterior layer of plant ce lls
Central vacuole Membrane-bound s ac (plant ce lls)
◦ Differences between prokaryotes and eukaryotes
Organ elle Prok aryotes Euk aryotes
Nucleus No definite nucleus ; DNA Pre sent
present but not separate
from the rest of the cell
Cell me mbrane Pre sent Pre sent
Mitochon dria None; e nzymes for oxidation Pre sent
are on plasma me mbrane
Endoplasmic None Pre sent
reticu lum
Ribosomes Pre sent Pre sent
Chloroplas ts None; photosynthesis Pre sent in
localized in chromatoph ores green plants
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