I scored 87% in Equity and Trusts and received a Distinction (74%) overall in the GDL at the University of Law using these notes.
These notes are written in the form of step-by-step exam plans. Compared to standard notes, this will save you lots of time. Most people will make notes during worksh...
- Implied trusts are an exception to s.53(1)(b) LPA 1925 which states declarations
of trust must be in signed writing - s.53(2) LPA 1925
- I.e. resulting and constructive trusts do not require signed writing to be
created
Types of Implied Trusts:
Resulting Trusts: implied where X transfers property or money to Y in circumstances
where it is unclear who owns the beneficial interest. Here, the presumption is that the
transferee holds the property or money on a resulting trust for the transferor.
1) Voluntary transfer / purchase money resulting trusts
- Voluntary transfer cases:
- Occur where X transfers property, which they own, to Y for no
consideration. It can be presumed that X intended Y to hold property on
resulting trust for X.
- Purchase money cases:
- Occur where X buys new property, then arranges for the seller to convey
the property straight to Y. It can be presumed that X intended Y to hold on
a resulting trust for X, the person who provided the purchase money
(Stage 3 below).
, 2) Incomplete disposal of trust’s equitable interest
- Resulting trusts of this type arise where:
- The settlor transfers property to trustees on trust; BUT
- Does not dispose of all or part of their equitable interest, because the
attempted trust:
- Lacks certainty of objects
- Does not define beneficial interests with sufficient certainty
- Offends the rules against perpetuity
- Offends the beneficiary principle
- The trust does not name a beneficiary who attains a vested interest
as there is a gap in the beneficial ownership
[STEP 1] Context / Is there an express trust?
[IF UNMARRIED COUPLE SPLIT UP] X and Y were not married, so X cannot rely on
legislation to help establish a proprietary interest in [INSERT PROPERTY].
Express trust?
[INSERT C] would be able to claim a proprietary interest in [INSERT PROPERTY] if
they were a beneficiary under a valid express trust. For a valid express trust where land
is the trust property, declaration must be in writing and signed by the transferor (s.53(1)
(b) LPA 1925). [INSERT TRANSFEROR / D] does not sign a declaration, so [INSERT
C] cannot claim a proprietary interest as a beneficiary under an express trust.
The benefits of buying summaries with Stuvia:
Guaranteed quality through customer reviews
Stuvia customers have reviewed more than 700,000 summaries. This how you know that you are buying the best documents.
Quick and easy check-out
You can quickly pay through credit card or Stuvia-credit for the summaries. There is no membership needed.
Focus on what matters
Your fellow students write the study notes themselves, which is why the documents are always reliable and up-to-date. This ensures you quickly get to the core!
Frequently asked questions
What do I get when I buy this document?
You get a PDF, available immediately after your purchase. The purchased document is accessible anytime, anywhere and indefinitely through your profile.
Satisfaction guarantee: how does it work?
Our satisfaction guarantee ensures that you always find a study document that suits you well. You fill out a form, and our customer service team takes care of the rest.
Who am I buying these notes from?
Stuvia is a marketplace, so you are not buying this document from us, but from seller lawnotes08. Stuvia facilitates payment to the seller.
Will I be stuck with a subscription?
No, you only buy these notes for $7.97. You're not tied to anything after your purchase.