DAANCE exam 2023 with 100% correct answers

MODULE V: OFFICE ANESTHESIA EMERGENCIES ... Hypoxia deficiency in the amount of oxygen reaching the tissues hypoxia results cardiac dysrhythmias, cardiac arrest, neurologic or brain damage, and ultimately death hypoxia adverse effects - more rapidly in children, elderly and those w diminished respiratory reserve; systemic ailments like cardiac, pulmonary, sickle cell anemia or sezieures - aid with pre-oxygenation period prior to anesthesia airway maintenance -evaluation of the patients anatomy: neck, mandible, tongue and body obesity - short thick neck with poor flexibility is more difficult ------ Class II or higher Mallampati classification airway obstruction a. head position and the tongue b. foreign body cause of airway obstruction- head position and the tongue -most often posterior positioning of the tongue in the oropharynx -poor headpositioning -loss of tone of pharyngeal muscles secondary to deep anesthesia or sedation prevention of airway obstruction- head position and the tongue correct positioning of the patients head and mandible in head tilt-chin lift position signs of airway obstruction Choking, gagging, substernal notch retraction, labored breathing, rapid pulse initially, then decreased pulse, respiratory arrest, and cardiac arrest early treatment of airway obstruction-head position and the tongue a. 100% (O2) via nasal mask b. place the patient in a Trendelenburg position and pack off the surgical site c. digital traction of the tongue with gauze, tongue forceps, a hemostat ortongue suture d. suction oropharynx continued treatment of airway obstruction- head position and the tongue a. a nasopharyngeal airway can be utilized in a conscious or semiconscious patient b. in an unconscious patient an oropharyngeal airway can be used c. consider using an LMA, igel or other supraglottic (above level of vocal cords) airway d. endotracheal intubation