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HESI Maternity and Pediatrics/275 Answered Questions 2023
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HESI Maternity and Pediatrics/275 AnsweredQuestions 2023
How is EDD calculated using Nagele's rule? - -1. Determine the first day of
the LMP
2. Subtract 3 months
3. Add 7 days
4. Adjust the year
-What is gravidity? - -the number of pregnancies including current
pregnancy.
includes miscarriages, ectopic pregnancies, stillbirths.
-What is parity? - -number of births in which the fetus is carried past 20
weeks gestation(not number of fetuses [e.g., twins]
-GTPAL - -Gravida, Term, Preterm, Abortions, Living
-What are presumptive signs of pregnancy? - -Subjective signs perceived by
the woman
- Signs: amenorrhea, breast changes & tenderness, nausea
- Symptoms: N/V, urinary freq, weight gain, fatigue, quickening (fetal
movement), discoloration of vaginal mucosa
-Probable signs of pregnancy - -Uterine enlargement, Goodell's sign,
Chadwick's sign, Hegar's sign, Ballottement, + Pregnancy test, Braxton Hicks
contractions
-Goodell's sign - -softening of the cervix
-Chadwick's sign - -Bluish purple discoloration of the cervix, vagina, and
labia during pregnancy as a result of increased vascular congestion.
-Hegar's sign - -softening of the lower uterine segment
-Ballottement - -The rebounding of the fetus against the examiner's fingers
on palpation
-Positive signs of pregnancy - -audible fetal heartbeat, fetal movement felt
by examiner, ultrasound visualization of fetus
-How to measure Fundal Height - -Symphysis pubis to top of uterine fundus.
# of cm is usually equivalent to gestation age, give or take 1-2 cm
--At 36 weeks fetus moves down into the pelvis, measurement not as reliable
, -Smoking tobacco during pregnancy can lead to - -low birth weight, a higher
incidence of birth defects, and still births
-Cholasma - -Pigmented area of the face (mask of pregnancy)
-"Linea Nigra" of pregnancy - -Dark line of hyperpigmentation down the
midline of the abdomen
-stiae gravidarum - -stretch marks
-What are some interventions that the nurse can teach the patient for
nausea and vomiting in pregnancy(occurs during 1st trimester)? - -Eat
crackers before rising in the morning, eat small, frequent and low fat meals,
drink liquids between meals rather than at meals, avoid fried and spicy
foods. Ask HCP if vit. B6 would be helpful.
-What are some interventions for syncope during pregnancy? - -sit with feet
elevated and change positions slowly. Instruct the pregnant client to avoid
lying in the supine position.
-What are some interventions for urinary frequency occurring during
pregnancy? - -Limit fluid intake during the evening, void at regular intervals,
kegal exercises, avoid caffeine
-What are some interventions of ptyalism during pregnancy? - -Small,
frequent meals, gum chewing and oral lozenges
-Dilution of RBC mass causing a decline in maternal hemoglobin and
hematocrit - -physiologic anemia or pseudoanemia
-Iron deficiency anemia occurs when the Hgb and Hct are? - -Hgb less than
11 g/dL or Hct less than 33% in 1st or 3rd trimester & Hgb less than 10.5
g/dL or Hct less than 32% in 2nd trimester
-What is prescribed in pregnancy to prevent iron deficiency anemia? - -
Ferrous Sulfate(iron supplement)
-What happens to the heart rate during pregnancy? - -heart rate increases
by 15-20 BPM.
-Interventions for heartburn during pregnancy? - -Eat small meals Q2-3H
and avoid fatty, acidic, or spicy foods. Eliminate or curtail smoking and
drinking coffee and carbonated beverages. Try chewing gum. Do not eat or
drink before bedtime and sleep with extra pillow. Walk or sit upright 1-2
hours after meals. May take liquid antacids. Avoid bending over.
, -What is round ligament pain? - -Sharp pain in the side or inguinal area,
usually on the right side.
-Interventions for round ligament pain? - -Use good body mechanics, do not
make sudden position changes or sudden movements. Avoid stretching and
twisting at the same time. Bend toward pain, squat or bring knees up to
chest. Apply heat and lie on right side.
-Interventions for hemorrhoids during pregnancy? - -Avoid constipation,
take frequent tepid backs. Apply cool witch hazel compresses or anesthetic
ointments. Eat high fiber foods.
-Interventions for constipation during pregnancy? - -Drink 8 glasses of
liquids each day. Add foods high in fiber. Restrict cheese consumption.
Consult HCP about stool softeners. Try swimming, riding a bicycle, or take a
brisk walk to stimulate peristalsis
-Normal fetal heart rate - -110-160
-When is fetal movement first noted by expectant mother? - -16-20 weeks.
-If unsensitized when should an Rh negative mother receive Rh (D) immune
globulin prophylactically? - -28 weeks
-Should rubella vaccine be given during pregnancy? - -No
-Women should be counseled to not become pregnant for how long after
receiving the rubella vaccine? - -1-3 months.
-Plane travel is safe up to how many weeks gestation in an uncomplicated
pregnancy? - -36 weeks
-4 maternal tasks of pregnancy - -1. Seeking safe passage for herself and
the baby through pregnancy, labor, and childbirth. 2. Securing acceptance of
the baby and herself by her partner and family. 3. Learning to give of herself
4. Developing attachment and interconnection with the unknown child.
-Normal weight gain for women who begin pregnancy with a normal BMI - -
25-35lbs
-Weight gain for an underweight mother during pregnancy? - -28-40lbs
-Recommended weigh gain of an overweight woman during pregnancy? - -
15-25lbs
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