Pharmacology Final Ivy Tech Questions with Correct Solutions

chloroquine - Class: Antimalarial -oquine Action: Inhibits reproduction Use: Treats Malaria Adverse effects: -retinotherapy -hepatic dysfunction -incrased psoriasis exacerbation Interactions: -Combination quinine=risk for cardiac toxicity & convulstions Interventions/Education: -take 1-2 weeks prior to travel; 4-6 weeks after -regular eye exams -monitor liver enzymes: AST/ALT -take with meals metronidazole - Class: Antiprotozoal -azole Action: Inhibits protein synthesis Use: Treats amebiasis, trichonomiasis, and giardiasis Adverse effects: -GI distress -Metallic taste -Dark, reddish brown urine -Superinfection (C-diff--watery stools) -headaches, dizziness Interactions: -No alcohol -Warfarin: increased risk of bleeding Interventions/Education: -Partner needs to be treated simultaneously -Evaluate stool specimen -Take w/food -Stop taking if Ataxia (loss of control of bodily movements) occurs mebendazole - Class: Antihelminthic -bendazole Action: Blocks glucose uptake Use: Treat worm infestation Adverse effects: -GI upset: Transient abdominal pain/diarrhea Interactions: -High fat meals interfere w/effectiveness Interventions/Education: -Take w/food (for GI upset) -Vigilant Hygeine -Evaluate stool specimen -monitor for hepatotoxicity -twice daily for 3 days chlorambucil - Class: Alkylating Agents -no stem Action: React chemically to damage DNA structure (alters it) Use: Most useful in treating slow-growing cancers Adverse effects: -Bone marrow suppression -Increased uric acid levels (pain) -CNS & tremors, confusion -Alopecia -hepatotoxicity -secondary cancer -pallor -SOB Interactions: -none to know Interventions/Education: -PPE (carcinogenic) -Patient safety (tremors, confusion) -Allopurinol for uric acid (gout) -Monitor for anemia, leukopenia, throbocytopenia -Monitor for infection methoterexate - Class: Antimetabolites -no stem Action: Inhibit folic acid role in DNA synthesis Use: Treatment of cancer (also used for lupus and RA) Adverse effects: -Bone marrow suppression -CNS effects (drowsiness, dizziness, fatigue) -Alopecia Interactions: -none to know Interventions/Education: -Use an effective contraceptive (back up) doxorubicin - Class: Antineoplastic antibiotics -rubicin Action: Interferes with DNA synthesis Use: Treat cancer Adverse effects: -Alopecia -Red urine -IV site necrosis -Bone marrow suppression Interactions: -ASA= increased risk of bleeding -Increased bleeding with combo therapy Interventions/Education: -Monitor for infection -PPE