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Samenvatting ADHD

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Samenvatting studieboek Farmacologie van Roger McFadden (Sommige stukken uit het document) - ISBN: 9789043031974, Druk: 2, Uitgavejaar: december 2 (-)

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  • Sommige stukken uit het document
  • April 4, 2017
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  • 2014/2015
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By: ouafakadri3 • 5 year ago

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ADHD attention deficit hyperactivity disorder
Anatomie




ADHD vind voornamelijk plaats in de basale ganglia en de prefrontale cortex.

Fysiologie
Via neurotransmissie vindt er een overdracht plaats van verschillende kleine moleculen, zoals:
noradrenaline, glutamaat, serotonine (5-HT), dopamine (exciterend: stimulerend) en GABA
(inhiberend: remmend). Het verwijderen/ heropname van neurotransmitters kan via een enzym of
een transporter.

Pathologie
Er is een dopaminetekort in de basale ganglia en de prefrontale cortex. Genetisch gestuurde hypo-
dopaminerge neurotransmissie draagt waarschijnlijk bij aan de verschijnselen van ADHD. Verhoogde
dichtheid dopamine heropname transporter, dus een lagere concentratie dopamine in de synapsen.

Farmacologie
De geneesmiddelen bij ADHD verbeteren de communicatie in het hersencircuit die worden
gereguleerd door de signaalstof dopamine.

Methylfenidaat
Stimuleert de afgifte van ( vanaf het presynaptisch neuron) dopamine en noradrenaline. Remming
heropname van dopamine en noradrenaline. De dosering is erg belangrijk.

Atomoxetine (straterra)
Remmer van presynaptisch noradrenerge transporter. Minimale affiniteit voor noradrenerg
receptoren of voor andere neurotransmitter, transporters of receptoren

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