NR507NP Final Exam
1.The damage from Crohn's disease occurs in which part of the gastrointestinal tract?
Terminal ileum.
Descending colon.
Duodenum of the small intestine.
Rectum.
Terminal ileum.
2.Which of the following is a risk factor for the development of a urinary tract infection (UTI)?
Perimenopause
Pregnancy
Marathon running
Frequent showering
Pregnancy
3.A symptom of a lower urinary tract infection includes:
Decreased Urination
Fever
Urgency
Flank pain
Urgency
4.Which of the following can help to prevent a UTI?
Taking more Vitamin D
Use spermicides during sexual intercourse
Douching to prevent the growth of bacteria Increase water consumption
Increase water consumption
5.Women are at a higher risk for the development of a UTI because of having a shorter urethra.
True
False
True
6.Which of the following is true regarding a complicated urinary tract infection?
Can be caused by a structural urinary tract disorder
Bacteria is located mostly in the lower urinary tract
Is associated with young adults
It is usually asymptomatic
Can be caused by a structural urinary tract disorder
7.A 25 year- old female presents to the primary care office with urinary burning and frequency for the last 3 days. She denies any fever, chills, back pain. Her gynecological history is negative and reports no vaginal discharge. The only new information reported is that she recently had sexual intercourse with a new male partner.
The NP obtains a urinalysis and determines that the urine contains leukocytes, RBCs, nitrites, and WBCs. No casts are identified. Based on symptom presentation and UA results, the patient can be diagnosed with:
Pyelonephritis
Complicated UTI
Upper UTI
Cystitis
Cystitis 8.J.S. is an 80 -year-old patient who resides in a local nursing home. He recently became confused and then fell while ambulating to the bathroom three days ago. Because of his confusion and fall, he was transferred to the acute care facility for evaluation and treatment. Lab work revealed that the patient was very dehydrated with hypernatremia identified and appropriate intravenous fluids started. Cystitis was also identified from the urinalysis. He was also noted to have red and excoriated skin between the buttocks and inner thighs due to urinary frequency and dribbling. To help with skin healing and to prevent further urine leakage, an indwelling catheter was inserted. Two days after the catheter was placed, the patient spiked a fever of 102 degrees Fahrenheit associated with shaking chills. An intense, foul odor was noted in the urine. On examination of the flank area, the patient yelled out when touched. A urine culture was obtained and came back positive for nitrites and RBCs. Urine microscopy revealed >100,000 WBC/hpf and casts.
Based on the information provided in the case, the patient can most likely be diagnosed with:
Simple UTI
Glomerulonephritis
Pyelonephritis
Urinary obstruction
Pyelonephritis
9.Identify the major risk factor J.S. has that is associated with pyelonephritis:
Indwelling Foley catheter
Fever
Flank pain
Dehydration
Indwelling Foley catheter
10.A 21-year-old patient reports to the primary care clinic complaining of urinary urgency, frequency and burning. She also reports a small amount of vaginal discharge that contains an odor. It is likely that the NP will perform a vaginal exam at this visit.
True False
True
11.A common organism that causes a urinary tract infection include:
Streptococcus pneumonia.
Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus (MRSA).
Staphylococcus saprophyticus.
Syncytial virus.
Staphylococcus saprophyticus.
12.Upon examination of a urinalysis, the NP can highly suspect that the causative bacteria are gram negative because of the presence of:
RBCs.
Nitrites.
WBCs.
Casts.
Nitrites.
13.The NP would know that the patient most likely has an uncomplicated UTI because:
The UTI responds well to a short course of antibiotic therapy.
There is low-grade fever.
Flank pain is present but minimal.
The bacteria are contained within the bladder.
The UTI responds well to a short course of antibiotic therapy.
14.The urinalysis of a patient with a complicated UTI will show WBCs and casts
True
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