HPHY 322 (Questions with 100% complete answers)

Which of the following are involved in normal transmission of a neuronal signal from the brain to the skeletal muscles? a. Voltage-gated sodium ion channels. b. Ligand-gated ion channels. c. Nicotinic cholinergic channels. d. All of the above. e. Only A and C. correct answers d. All of the above. Which of the following are examples of active transport. a. Na+ moving across the cell membrane due to the Na+/K+ ATPase pump. b. Cl- moving across the cell membrane through a ligand-gated channel. c. Oxygen moving across the cell membrane directly through the lipid bilayer. d. All of the above. e. Only A and C. correct answers a. Na+ moving across the cell membrane due to the Na+/K+ ATPase pump. Which of the following accurately describe the Nernst equation value? a. The membrane potential at which the electrical and chemical gradients are both the largest. b. The membrane potential at which the electrical and chemical gradients are equal and opposite. c. The membrane potential at which the force of the combined gradients is the largest. d. The membrane potential at which all permeable ions no longer move across the membrane. correct answers b. The membrane potential at which the electrical and chemical gradients are equal and opposite. Which of the following could affect the amplitude of the depolarization peak of an action potential in a neuron? a. The duration of time the gated sodium ion channels remain open. b. The electrical gradient for sodium across the cell membrane. c. The chemical gradient for sodium across the cell membrane. d. All of the above. e. Only A and C. correct answers d. All of the above. Which of the following are accurate regarding action potentials in a neuron? a. In order for sodium influx to stop, both the activation and inactivation gates must be closed. b. Each section of membrane undergoes a relative refractory period during which it is possible to depolarize the membrane again, but only if the intensity of the signal is great enough. c. The neuron membrane is most permeable to sodium ions at the same time that the depolarization peak occurs. d. All of the above. e. Only B and C. correct answers e. Only B and C. The nervous system typically uses which of the following to communicate the strength of a neuronal signal? a. Intensity